814 
JAMES LAW. 
and to pay him for what would otherwise have been a total loss. 
But for the State to go further, and rid his herd of every other 
tuberculous animal, even though it may be yielding a remunera¬ 
tive flow of milk, or producing, year by year, a valuable pedi¬ 
greed calf, he is less ready to approve of. Yet unless this 
thorough purging of the herd is aimed at, it must be evident 
that it is a prodigal waste of public money to kill and pay for 
the animal that is so far advanced with the disease as to be 
useless alike for the dairy, the breeding farm and the butcher. 
It may be set down, then, as an inviolable principle of action, 
that no State interference is justifiable unless it has for its aim 
the extinction of tuberculosis in the herd. This may be ex¬ 
tended by saying that State action is only justifiable when its 
purpose is the purging of the herds of the whole district from 
the infection of tuberculosis. If infection is left in the herd or 
in the district dealt with, not only will the products furnished by 
such herd or district prove poisonous in various degrees to the 
consuming public, but sooner or later the latent or occult cases 
will, in certain numbers, assume a more active type of disease, 
spread it in the herd and from herd to herd, and increasingly 
endanger the products offered from the dairy and the butcher’s 
stall. 
There is no sufficient warrant for making legislative appro¬ 
priations and instituting State sanitary work in this direction, 
unless such work aims at a complete extinction of the bacillus 
tuberculosis in the herds of the State, or of the district to which 
such sanitary measures are applied. The two questions that 
confront us are : 
1. What measures will give us a reasonable expectation of 
the extinction of tuberculosis ? 
2. Are such measures available and practicable in the State 
of New York ? 
In response to the first question, two different methods offer 
themselves for choice, which may be named respectively the 
radical and progressive methods. The consideration of these 
may answer the second question as well. 
