416 
E. A. A. GRANGE. 
fool I had been. The other one was just about same as post¬ 
mortem which was seen. 
Some time previous to this one owner complained of horse 
running at one nostril for several months. This upon post¬ 
mortem was found to be due to third superior molar having 
been split and infection through this resulting in gangrene of 
all the turbinated on other side with the superior filled with 
foetid pus. We occasionally meet with diseases of frontal sinuses 
and ethmoid bones, foetid discharge from nostrils, septic ophthal¬ 
mia, etc., with great emaciation. I have a case of this kind 
under treatment now. I trephined frontal sinuses, removed the 
inspissated pus, then irrigated the cavity with creolin solution 
daily until all heals and discharge jias ceased. Indeed I am of 
the opinion that many cases of malignant catarrh could be more 
satisfactorily treated in this manner than by inhalations of medi¬ 
cated steam, etc. 
THE EXTERNAL CONFORMATION OF THE HORSE. 
By Prof. E. A. A. Grange, V.S., Michigan.* 
(Continued from page 325.) 
The withers (Plate I, 6) is that elevated portion at the top of 
the shoulder, the highest part of which is the point to be selected 
when measuring the height of an animal. They are usually de¬ 
scribed as being high or low\ the latter variety, however, is we 
believe, more apparent than real, as the length of the bones 
which form them does not vary as much as one would at first be 
led to suppose. I have in my possession at this writing a mare, 
which six months ago was so high (?) in the withers that a pad had 
to be arranged under the pommell to prevent it from bruising 
those dainty parts; at this time she is ridden every day with the 
:same saddle (which has not been repadded) and there is abund¬ 
ance of room between the top of the withers and the under sur¬ 
face of the pommell of the saddle; her withers look lower, but 
there cannot be any doubt but that this appearance is to be 
*A reprint from Bulletin no, Experiment Station, State Agricultural College. 
