6 io 
W. L. WILLIAMS. 
which these organs are not constantly very active but contain at 
some, if not at all times, a large amount of residual air. High 
altitudes with consequent dry atmosphere bring about special 
chest development and require for the sustenance of life a much 
more complete and active respiration, and permits much less 
residual air. Post-mortem examination of glandered horses at 
altitudes have thus far in my experience, indicated a much less 
development of pulmonary tubercles than attains in like cases at 
lower altitudes. Close stabling without exercise produces re¬ 
sults quite parallel to low altitudes with humidity; hence, where 
the two are combined we would expect and do find the greatest 
prevalence and most virulent type of tuperculosis, while in the 
high altitudes with dry atmosphere it is unknown except as di¬ 
rectly imported. 
Dr. Waugh (Allegheny, Pa.) saw tuberculosis only in so¬ 
journing human invalids in California, New Mexico, Arizona and 
old Mexico. The same holds true in Montana and so far as I 
can learn throughout the Rocky Mountain region, although cat¬ 
tle abound everywhere but are rarely stabled. The only case of 
tuberculosis reported to me as having originated in the west was 
one by Dr. A. H. Baker in a Colorado bullock killed at Chicago 
stock yards. 
As we approach the Mississippi River the disease becomes 
somewhat prevalent, so that Dr. W. B. Wiles, Ames, la., and 
Dr. G. A. Johnson, Sioux City, la., report the disease some¬ 
what prevalent in that state, especially in stabled herds, and Dr. 
S. Stewart, Kansas City, Kan., reports whole herds of cows in¬ 
fected in western Nebraska and Kansas and eastern Colorado, 
chiefly in the udder without general lesions. 
The inlection in these cases he charged to diseased bulls 
brought from the east. Dr. Mayo, Manhattan, Kan'., sees the 
disease only in highly-bred cattle, and in Arkansas Dr. Dinwid- 
die reports it practically unknown in highly-bred closely-housed 
herds which are rare, and in Mexico Dr. S. E. White, Sedalia, 
Mo., repoits essentially the same conditions. 
Dr. Lemay, Ft. Riley, Kansas, reports no tuberculosis. 
