INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE, ETC., ON THE DISTRIBUTION & CHARACTER OF DISEASE. 61 1 
Dr. J. S. Butler, Minneapolis, Minn., reports the disease rare 
in that state but observed it frequently in stabled dairy cattle in 
Ohio, while Dr. Howe, Dayton, O., reports it comparatively 
rare in Ohio, confined mainly to dairy cattle. 
In the southern states cattle are, as a rule, poorly bred, rarely 
housed or overfed and not greatly used for dairying purposes, 
while generally considerable exercise is obligatory in order to 
obtain food, and large numbers are not brought in close contact 
with each other. Dr. L. Butler, Agricultural College, Mississ¬ 
ippi, Prof. A. W. Bittino, Lake City, Fla., and Dr. Cary, Auburn, 
Ala., report the disease very rare in southern states. 
As we approach the central Atlantic states, where many 
highly-bred cows are kept closely housed, highly-fed and induced 
to yield milk to their utmost capacity we find the disease enor¬ 
mously increased in frequency and virility. Drs. Clement, Balti¬ 
more, Md., Pearson, Philadelphia, Pa., Kilbourne, Washington, 
D. C., Paige, Amherst, Mass., and Peters, Boston, Mass., all report 
the disease as highly prevalent among cattle in their region, ascrib¬ 
ing its great prevalence to high breeding, inbreeding, excessive 
lactation, excessive feeding, close housing with unsanitary con¬ 
ditions, etc. Dr. Peters estimates that in New England I @ 
2 % of cattle are tuberculous, while in eastern Massachusetts 
there is probably 3 @ 5 % affected. Dr. Pearson notes it is in¬ 
creasing in Pennsylvania. Drs. Peters and Pearson note a ten¬ 
dency in some cases to recovery but regard this with the same 
suspicion that we all look upon apparent recovery from glan¬ 
ders—they constitute the greatest danger to the health of other 
animals. 
Dr. Schwartzkopf, Chicago, Ill., offers some suggestions re¬ 
garding tuberculosis which deserves more than a passing notice. 
Foremost in the etiology of the disease he places confine¬ 
ment to hot stables during the summer and winter months, 
which assists infection. “ You know,” he says, “ that dairymen 
found out that they got more milk by keeping their cows in 
doors. Experimental stations have been teaching this and this 
point has been overdone. Nothing reduces more the vitality of 
