10 
VETERINARIUS 
has caused glanders.” This question can only be satisfactorily 
settled by feeding susceptible animals with large quantities of 
purely cultivated bacilli, and the careful control of the same by 
inoculative experiments. 
Infection through the respiratory tract is of far more import¬ 
ance, as it is well known that germs can penetrate to the most 
delicate ramifications of the bronchioles, as has been shown by nu¬ 
merous inhalation experiments with desiccated tubercle bacilli and 
other material. 
The statistics that have been gathered from necroscopical ex¬ 
aminations of glandered horses have shown numerous cases in 
which the lungs were the only organs visibly affected, or that the 
oldest phenomena were present in them. Inhalations with 
purely cultivated glanders bacilli have not yet been made. 
It is an unquestionable fact that glandered mares have given 
birth to colts with the disease, that is, that the bacilli can pass 
from mother to foetus; similar observations have been made with 
guinea-pigs. 
THE ETIOLOGY OF GLANDERS. 
Glanders, or better, the glanders-farcy disease, on account of 
its serious effects upon the agricultural interests of mankind, has 
been energetically combated on all sides. Past experience has 
demonstrated the uselessness of all tnedicines to cure or prevent 
this disease; hence it is but natural that every attempt should be 
made to prevent its eruption and extension. Therefore it becomes 
necessary that we should gain all the knowledge possible with ref¬ 
erence to its etiology or cause. 
Observations led to the conclusions that glanders was very 
common among horses that were kept in narrow, damp, ill-venti¬ 
lated stalls, and under such circumstances often assumed a very 
malignant character; but closer and more thorough examination 
pointed to the fact that the very best hygienic conditions were 
not, in themselves, sufficient to prevent an outbreak of glanders 
when a diseased horse chanced to come among them, and that the 
disease extended from animal to animal, and unfavorable hygienic 
conditions were simply important aids in the extension of the dis¬ 
ease. 
