162 
VETERINARIUS. 
threads left in the 2 per cent, solution for five minutes. Threads 
left for five minutes in the 5 per cent, carbolic solution, and for 
ten minutes in the 2 per cent., yielded a few isolated colonies. 
All others remained sterile. 
Experiment No. 2.—Somewhat thinner threads were placed 
in a 3 per cent, carbolic solution, where they remained for 2, 5, 8, 
10, 15 and 20 minutes. After seven days’ observation they still 
remained inactive. Isolated colonies developed on a few of those 
exposed for two minutes. 
The exposure of purely cultivated glanders bacilli to a 3 or 5 
per cent, solution of carbolic acid is enough to destroy them when 
in thin layers. 
Similar threads exposed to a 1 per cent, solution of perman¬ 
ganate of potash for two minutes, give negative results on 
potatoes. 
Chlorine water, containing 0.23 to 0.16 parts chlorine, killed 
the bacilli after two minutes’ exposure. 
Corrosive sublimate is very deadly to these bacilli in from 1 
to 5 per cent, solutions. Even 1-2,000 and 1-5,000 solutions 
gave satisfactory results ; two minutes’ exposure to the latter solu¬ 
tion was sufficient to prevent any development, which is strong 
enough for all practical purposes. 
Tenacity of the Inficiens of Glanders. 
Many observations on this point have been recorded. Text 
books often contain such statements as the following: That in 
infected stables in which glandered horses have stood for a vari¬ 
able length of time, healthy horses have soon become glandered 
after being placed in them; even in cases where they have been 
empty for four, six, eight, twelve or even eighteen months. 
If such statements could be depended upon it would be neces¬ 
sary to assume that the bacilli of glanders developed permanent 
spores, which can only retain their activity under such circum¬ 
stances. Satisfactory evidence of such assertions cannot be found 
in veterinary literature, and they are directly contradicted by ex¬ 
periments as to the tenacity of these bacilli. 
Viborg seems to have been one of the earliest observers to give 
attention to this important subject. He says: 
