212 
VETERINARIUS. 
in glanders. Small embolic centers may be mistaken for freshly 
developed glanders noduli, varying in size, and filled with a yel¬ 
lowish mass, surrounded by a hypersemic ambus of a dark red 
color, having a smooth surface on section. 
Hypersemic tissue surrounding glanders noduli is never black- 
red, and not so extensive, and does not contain so much fluid blood 
as the haemorrhagic. Acute broncho-pneumonia centers may also 
be mistaken for those peculiar to glanders; the same are small 
isolated complications, or they may be seen in groups, and of a 
• red or reddish-gray color, projecting somewhat above the cut sur¬ 
face of the lung; the bronchial tube appears as a small yellowish 
point in the midst of pneumonic infiltration; by pouring water 
gently upon such points, one can easily demonstrate the presence 
of the bronchial tube, which will appear as a small, round hole 
when you have washed out the mass with which it was filled. Or¬ 
dinary pneumonia centers that have undergone a form of gangren¬ 
ous dissolution, have been mistaken for those of glanders. 
Pneumonia in the horse often occurs in a multiple form— i. e., 
numerous inflammatory centers distributed over the substance of 
the lungs; they are at first hypersemic and glancing, but later on 
become dry, anaemic, and of a yellowish-white color. Necrobiosis 
of the pulmonary tissue frequently occurs, leading to the develop¬ 
ment of a sort of sequestor, or a mass of broken-down tissue en¬ 
closed in a sort of capsule, which marks the line of demarkation 
from still healthy tissue. It is in this way that the so-called ab¬ 
scesses in the lungs are formed. Fresh ones are surrounded by 
intact or infiltrated lung tissue, while older ones are surrounded 
by a sort of capsule of indurated tissue. The bronchial lymph- 
glands are at the same time in a condition of cellular or fibrous 
hyperplasia. The fresher these conditions, the more easily can 
they be distinguished from others, because one cannot find the 
gray or yellowish noduli of glanders in the lungs at such times. 
The differential diagnosis is, however, possible later on, because it 
seldom happens in glanders that one finds either single or several 
infiltrated lobuli separated, as it were, by these gangrenous pro¬ 
cesses in the direction of the interlobular striae of connective tis¬ 
sue, while such is the rule in pneumonia. Further: the necrotic 
