354- 
FRANK S. BILLINGS. 
constitutioned animals there is often oedema of the abdomen, 
perineum and extremities. A floeculent discharge from the nos¬ 
trils may also ensue, with tumefaction of the submaxillary glands, 
when the malady has continued for a considerable time; circular, 
flattened, but well defined swellings, one to two inches in diam¬ 
eter, may occur on the neck, shoulders, chest, abdomen or croup. 
These swellings persist for one or two weeks and gradually dis¬ 
appear, while others are developed elsewhere ; their margin is the 
last to subside. 
(To be continued .) 
____________ _ N 
THE NATURE OF THE AMERICAN SWINE PLAGUE 
IN REGARD TO ITS PREVENTIVE TREATMENT BY VETERINARY 
POLICE AND HYGIENIC METHODS. 
By Fkank S. Billings, D.V.M. 
Director of the Experiment Station and Laboratory of the University of Ne¬ 
braska for the Study of Contagious and Infectious Animal Diseases. 
[Read before the Massachusetts Veterinary Association by its Secretary, Dr. L. 
H. Howard.] 
{Continued from page 301] 
With regard to the “ wild-seuche ” of Germany, to which I 
have referred in a previous paper, Hueppe seems to be in a quan¬ 
dary, and to be all mixed up with regard to what is contagious 
and what infectious. He says: “It is a fact that the exanthe¬ 
matous, or cutaneous form, occurs as a purely contagious disease, 
and is transmitted from animal to animal.” 
Hueppe seems to have forgotten the above, however, when a 
few lines further on he says : “ The exanthematous form is by 
no means so frequent, under natural conditions, as the pectoral, 
and the pathological phenomena go to show that the disease 
should generally be designated as an ‘ infectious pneumonia.’ 
Those who have carefully read my paper upon the “ Etiolog¬ 
ical Moment in American Swine Plague,” must have become con¬ 
vinced of its very close resemblance to Hueppe’s “ wild-seuche. 11 
In fact, were we to assume that actual identity between two dis¬ 
eases, occurring in different localities, should be decided by the 
