HOG CHOLERA AND SWINE PLAGUE. 
363 
HOG CHOLERA AND SWINE PLAGUE-THEIR NATURE AND PRE¬ 
VENTION." 
By D. E. Salmon. 
Investigation of several years led me to conclude that a micro¬ 
coccus or spherical microbe was constantly found in hog cholera. 
In 1886, contrary to the above, I stated that hog cholera was 
caused by a bacterium or short rod-shaped germ very distinct 
from the above micrococcus. This bacteriyim produces this dis¬ 
ease even when cultures are fed to healthy swine. In connection 
with this germ a micrococcus resembling the fowl cholera germ 
was occasionally met with, which produced fatal effects when cul¬ 
tivated and inoculated upon mice, rabbits, guinea-pigs, pigeons, 
fowls and swine. 
In cases where the micrococcus was not accompanied with hog 
cholera bacterium, the lesions were distinct and easily distin¬ 
guished from this disease. The lungs were sometimes more or 
less adherent to the thoracic walls, were hepatized, friable, the 
alveoli were distended with a whitish cellular exudate, and there 
were occasionally patches of necrosed tissue. The liver was of¬ 
ten in cirrhosis condition, leading to jaundice. In hog cholerd the 
lung lesions are very different, and usually are absent, but when 
present generally consist of an extravasation of blood into the 
tissues and alveoli of one or more lobules, but hepatization is very 
rare, and a secondary result seems to follow the hemorrhage. 
Hog cholera is noticeable from numerous ulcers and enormous 
ulcerated patches in the large intestines. 
Though the lesions are very different in these two maladies, 
the reason that this has not been noted before is probably owing to 
the complicated affection, the two diseases frequently existing at 
the same time in the animal. The complicated trouble has been 
considered the typical hog cholera, while each malady existing 
alone has been regarded as a variation from the typical form. The 
contagious pneumonia in the future I shall call swine-plague; the 
other disease hog cholera. 
’•‘Abstract from paper read before the Soc. for the Promotion of Ag. Science 
Aug. 9, 1887. 
