364 
D. E. SALMON. 
The hog cholera microbe is short and rod-shaped; in the tis¬ 
sues it stains almost uniformly around the periphery, and shows 
an unstained central portion. The swine-plague microbe is a 
shorter oval, and stains at the ends with an unstained band across 
the central portion. The former is very motile in liquid cultures, 
while the later has no independent motion whatever. Hog chol¬ 
era germs grow actively on the cut surface of potatoes, producing 
a colony of a brownish color; the swine-plague germ does not 
grow at all upon potato. The former retains its vitality for from 
thirty to sixty days after being thoroughly dried; the latter per¬ 
ishes under similar conditions within about three days. Hog 
cholera germ is capable of active multiplication in drinking water, 
and retains its vitality in such for at least four months; swine 
plague germ is unable to multiply in water and the added germs 
die within ten days. Cultivated germs of the latter administered 
hypodermically in large quantity kill pigeons and pigs, while hog 
cholera germs occur abundantly in the internal organs in either. 
We have never killed fowls by inoculation with hog cholera germs, 
but large doses of swine-plague produce fatal results. A very in¬ 
tense and fatal form of hog cholera is produced by feeding cul¬ 
tures of the microbe to pigs which have been without food for 
twenty-four hours, but cultures of the swine-plague germ fed un¬ 
der identical conditions produce no effect whatever. 
It has been demonstrated satisfactorily that hog cholera germ 
is able to and does habitually reproduce and preserve itself indef¬ 
initely in moist soil, manure, stagnant water and even in a good 
quality of drinking water, and these are probably largely the 
means of its dissemination. In the pig’s stomach taken from 
these sources it produces a fatal form of disease. In view of 
these facts experiments were undertaken to discover a meanfc of 
disinfection to be applied to soils, etc., without danger of injuring 
the animals. Interesting results were secured from using lime, 
that may be summarized as follows: 
The cultivated germ placed in water to which was added one- 
third its volume of lime water, was killed in one-half hour. If 
one sixth of the volume of lime-water was added the germ died 
within three hours. If lime-water contains 0.12 per cent, of lime, 
