HOG CHOLERA AND SWINE PLAGUE. 
365 
then 0.03 per cent, in solution destroys the germ in one-half hour, 
and 0.019 per cent, destroys it in three hours. 
As the quantity of disinfectant required must be increased with 
the proportion of organic matter present in the substance to 
be disinfected, it was desirable to test the effect of lime in the 
presence of large quantities of organic matter. Replacing pure 
water with beef infusion it was found that, in order to destroy 
germs placed in this it was necessary to add one and one-half its 
volume of lime water, and then some were alive at the end of four 
hours, but all were dead within twenty-seven hours. With twice 
its volume of lime-water the germs were all destroyed within four 
hours. That is ,072 per cent, of lime killed the germ in twenty- 
seven hours, and 0.08 per cent, in four hours ; and it required 
from two and one-half to four times as much lime in solution to 
destroy the germ in beef broth as in pure water. 
These results caused us to test the power of lime to destroy 
the germs in mixtures containing relatively large quantities of or¬ 
ganic matter. This mixture was made by soaking chopped beef 
over night in twice its weight of water, removing the liquid with 
a press, neutralizing, adding the white of one egg to each 600 c.c. 
of liquid and boiling. The flasks containing the mixture showed 
a layer of solid particles on the bottom nearly ns deep as the li¬ 
quid above it. These flasks were sterilized, inoculated witli the 
microbe of hog cholera, and at the end of three days when each 
drop contained nearly a million germs, milk of lime containing 
10 per cent, of lime, was added in various proportions and the 
vitality of the germ was tested after the lapse of a certain number 
of hours. Five cubic centimetres of milk of lime in 150 c.c. of 
the beef mixture destroyed all the germs within one-half hour; 
equivalent to 0.32 per cent, of lime. 
The result of an experiment to determine the effect of pow¬ 
dered lime upon the germs in a mixture similar to the above last 
noted, demonstrated that one per cent, of lime killed all of the 
microbes in one hour, and that one-fourth of one per cent, killed 
them all in four hours. 
If a cubic foot of soil weighs 80 lbs. and a bushel of lime 80 
lbs., then 55 bushels of lime thoroughly incorporated with the soil 
