340 
RICHARD MIDDLETON. 
mixture of equal parts of chloroform and ether, and of this 
six and one-half ounces, and one-half hour were consumed be¬ 
fore insensibility. One ass consumed in fourteen minutes 
one and one-quarter ounces, four male goats and three sheep 
four and one-third drachms of chloroform in six minutes. 
In all, I have effected anaesthesia by inhalation in more than 
two hundred cases; in not a single case were there detrimental 
results of any kind; not one death; not a single uncomfortable 
consequence. 
When morphine was previously given, the patients de¬ 
veloped unquietness and gave more or less trouble, which was 
not the case when chloroform exclusively or chloroform and 
ether were given. It is easy to comprehend that in some 
operations this struggling amounts to a serious consideration. 
The dose of morphine has only an inconsiderable effect upon 
the patient; neither the time nor the quantity of the means is 
materially lessened; I never use morphine. The mixture of 
ether with the chloroform, recommended on so many sides, 
requires more time, and with this more material also; this, 
together with the later innovations, are not to be recom¬ 
mended. Instead of the commonly used sponge, which hin¬ 
ders to a considerable degree the current of inspired air, I use 
a cloth of flannel eight inches square. 
After the animal is thrown, there is but one nostril visible ; 
over this the last named flannel cloth is placed, and chloro¬ 
form dropped upon it, directly over the nostril, at the rate of 
twenty to thirty drops in ten minutes ; an interim of ten min¬ 
utes is now taken, and then again follows the dropping (pre¬ 
ferably in a burette glass). Every two or three minutes the 
nasal cavity is sponged out; this must also be done when the 
cloth is wet through, either from carelessness' or otherwise. 
The object of this is to remove any chloroform lying upon 
the Schneiderian membrane, and so preserve the latter from 
the caustic effect of this medicament, (for this reason is the 
flannel preferred to the old method of sponges which are wet 
with the liquid and laid directly upon the mucous membrane). 
Care must be taken that during the inhalation the under nos¬ 
tril remains open. 
