362 
P. PAQU1N. 
sicken much, stunt or kill, just as vaccinia is, according- to x 
authorities, the germ of horse-pox or cow-pox, which is natur¬ 
ally such as to cause, when inoculated to man, only a mild 
fever and pustule. But by both inoculations the maladies that 
they are intended* to prevent respectively are in reality 
guarded against for years. 
The germs are obtained from swellings of cases of black leg, 
are properly weakened by heat at 80 deg. and 85 deg. C., and 
then worked into convenient form and inoculated twice, each 
dose about a week apart. The germs heated the most are the 
weakest and consequently inoculated first; the others are inoc¬ 
ulated last. The operation is practiced with an ordinary 
hypodermic syringe in the tail, in the smooth, hairless portion 
underneath, from four to six inches from the body. Inocula¬ 
tion anywhere else, particularly where the skin is loose on the 
body, may occasionally cause local characteristic swellings of 
black leg, that are detrimental and dangerous to the animal. 
The vaccine matter may be made into tablets. 
If inoculation is practiced during an outbreak, only the 
animals showing no signs of the disease should be operated 
on, right after removing them from whence the disease 
started. On farms where black leg occurs more or less regu¬ 
larly the most rational and successful way is to inoculate 
young, say at five or six months of age. The death rate need 
not be feared much thereafter from black-leg among the pro¬ 
tected stock, if good vaccine was used. 
The following quotations show some of the tests abroad: 
“ Mr. Strebel, in the Canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, in the 
spring of 1886, inoculated with modified black leg virus 1275 
young cattle and left unvaccinated 1829 head. They were on 
different more or less infectious grounds. Black leg had pre- 
vously made victims on some of the same pastures. The re¬ 
sult was that only one of the vaccinated lot died of the disease, 
whilst seventy-one of the unvaccinated succumbed. In the 
districts of Gruyere and Singine 160 vaccinated and 433 not 
vaccinated young cattle were placed together on infectious 
pastures. Among the 160 vaccinated beasts only one was at¬ 
tacked by black leg ; among the 433 unvaccinated twenty died 
from it.” 
This is only a modest illustration of hundreds of tests in 
which thousands of cattle were tried. 
I give data of some years back, purposely to show the suc¬ 
cess of protective inoculation from the beginning. The re¬ 
sults now are much better still. 
The following presents some of our own field tests in 
1889: 
