TT. S. VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 
431 
fine the difference, as I have not investigated Texas fever myself to 
any extent. I have seen very little of it and that from a labora¬ 
tory standpoint. 
It was a very disagreeable duty, of course, to criticize the work 
of Dr. Paqnin. I have known him for a long time, and have 
thought a great deal of him and appreciated his work; but when 
a man puts into print such opinions as he has advanced, as chair¬ 
man of this committee I could not overlook it. It certainly is 
not regarded according to the methods of modern bacteriology to 
collect specimens in the field and have them carried as far as 
he has done. It is absolutely impossible, in the opinions of those 
who are authority on the subject to prevent, the organisms of many 
varieties. He says in so many words that they have found several 
organisms in Texas fever, all of which he considers different forms 
of the same organism. He described bacilli and rods, much longer 
than they are wide. He describes oval organisms and round or¬ 
ganisms and so many varieties which differ essentially from each 
other, that it seems impossible that they should be in any wise re¬ 
lated. He says that he has produced Texas fever by inoculating 
these organisms, but he does not say what the organism is : That 
he produced it by inoculating several organisms For that reason 
I say that his work is not such as to be considered scientific. He 
says he has conferred immunity upon cattle by inoculation, but he 
does not say how he has modified his virus, and in that respect his 
conclusions are not clear. 
I do not know of anything more I can say only that if I have 
done him an injustice I am sorry, as it was the furthest thing from 
my mind. As I say, such a work I do not consider to be of any 
practical value, and I do not know how I can answer it any more 
definitely. 
Dr. Paqnin: If you will allow me one more word. I did 
not mean that the gentleman intended any personal injury, or any¬ 
thing of the kind. 
Dr. Clement has said that it is impossible to carry virus without 
putrefaction. Of course if you leave it open it is impossible, but 
suppose you seal it ? Suppose you take gall or take the bile, and 
with a sterilized pipe seal it up before it has any chance of con- 
