LOUIS A. KLEIN. 
Of) 
o- 
numerous, and No. 3 a few small flakes. The udder was cleaned 
as usual, the teats wiped with alcohol and milk drawn from each 
quarter into clean bottles, the fore milk being included. The ex¬ 
amination was begun when the milk was about twenty-four hours 
old, and the results were as follows: 
TABLE A. 
No. of 
Sample. 
Per cent. 
Acid 
12/1/11. 
Per cent. 
Acid 
12/8/11. 
Alcohol 
Test. 
Per cent. 
Sediment and 
Reductase Leucocytes 
Catalase (MB) test. (Tromms- 
test (No. c.c. (Time of dorff 
0 in 2 hrs.). reduction). Method). 
1. 
0.31 
0.32 
• • • • 
1 Y-2. c.c. 36 hrs. 
0.01 
2. 
0.3 
0.342 
• • • • 
3 c.c. 20 hrs. 
0.01 
3 - 
0.288 
0.316 
• • • • 
3 c.c. 36 hrs. 
0.02 
No. Leucocytes Presence 
per Field Streptococci Fermentation No. Bact. 
(Stokes method) Microscopically Test per c.c. 
1. 
4 
24 hrs. no curd . . 
36 hrs. lactic acid 
curd.... 
1250 
2. 
5 
24 hrs. no curd . . 
36 hrs. lactic acid 
curd.... 
750 
3 - 
/ 
24 hrs. no curd . . 
36 hrs. lactic acid 
curd.... 
2500 
Since these facts and circumstances did not indicate the oper¬ 
ation of bacteria, and changes in the feed had had no influence, it 
became necessary to look further for the cause. During the ex¬ 
amination of the cows I observed that many of them showed 
symptoms of irritation of the skin of the udder, especially about 
the base of the teats. The skin in this region was dry and stiff, 
scaly, and sometimes swollen or thickened. In many instances 
small scabs were present, indicating the previous existence of a 
crack or fissure, and in some cases small abrasions or excoriations 
were present. The condition resembled in all respects a mild 
acute or subacute inflammation of the skin. Of the forty-eight 
cows showing the milk changes or teat symptoms, indicating the 
