74 
B. F. KAUPP. 
of the crest of the tibia at the epiphyseal juncture. There was 
no lesion of the knee-joint ligaments, tendon or bones. 
In the third experiment the scapula was held firmly in the 
right hand and the humerus in the left. All motions encounter¬ 
ing resistance were persisted in until that resistance was over¬ 
come. 
Upon dissection it was found that the shoulder-joint was un¬ 
injured. A comminuted fracture was noted extending a short 
distance above the glenoid fossa throughout the balance of the 
scapula. 
In experiment No. 4, after making an incision over the left 
knee-joint, the tendon of the quadriceps muscle was cut and freed 
laterally. The cut end of the muscle was grasped in a vice near 
the tibial end of the patella and by traction was pulled from the 
tibia in the normal direction of the tendon. At this point the 
patellar ligament was sectioned and in like manner torn from its 
attachments, bringing with it some of the bony tissue. Upon 
examination of the ligament it was noted that some of the fibers 
were also torn. 
In experiment 5 the semi-membranous tendon was exposed 
and grasped near its center by a vise, and traction by means of 
weights in natural direction was applied. The tendon ruptured 
at the point where it was grasped. There was no change found 
in its bony attachment. The vise appeared to devitalize the ten¬ 
don at the point at which it was applied. 
In experiment No. 6 we find a repetition of No. 4. Upon 
dissection there was found no rupture of the quadriceps extensor 
tendon, but a portion of the bone torn loose with the tearing of 
the tendon attachment. 
In No. 7 we find the tendon of origin of the right triceps was 
exposed and tension was made in its natural direction in the usual 
way. Upon dissection it was found that the tendon had pulled 
away the bony cap to which it was attached. The tendon tissue 
was uninjured. 
In experiment No. 8, after removing the skin from the left 
ankle-joint, all tendons were severed above and below the joint. 
