artificial insemination. 
2S1 
Where the per cent, of foals obtained under the best of con¬ 
ditions is not high there should be no surprise when this number 
falls to a very low point, as compared with the number of serv¬ 
ices given when the stallion is bred too frequently. By giving 
fewer services the vigor of the sire may be kept at the highest 
degree of perfection, and by the careful transfer of semen pos¬ 
sessing cells of high vitality the number of foals secured will be 
much greater than by the direct service method, where one and 
two services are given daily. However, many failures will result, 
whatever method is used to introduce the fertilizing element, but 
with fewer services for the sire and more attention given to the 
dam in such matters of better feed and care, and less fatiguing 
work, there can be no doubt of the results being more satisfac¬ 
tory than they are at present. 
Horse Census. —According to a recent census, we have in 
the United States, 23,778,481 horses. The number compares 
with other countries as follows : Canada, 2,303,725; Central 
America, 27,873,328; South America, 9,155,425; Austro-Hun- 
gary, 4,196,634; European Russia, 23,548,000; United King¬ 
dom, 2,253,418. Total of Europe, 43,502,876. There has been 
an increase of 15,108,000 horses on the farms in the United 
States during the past forty-five years, and an increase in valua¬ 
tion during* that period of $1,853,770. This immense increase 
in valuation is, of course, not wholly due to the increase in num¬ 
bers, as the average valuation per head has advanced during that 
period from $59.05. to $105.94, the total farm value of the 20,- 
509,000 horses on the farms in the United States being $2,172,- 
694,000 on January 1, 1912. There are over 1,000,000 horses on 
the farms of each of the following States: Iowa, Missouri, Ne¬ 
braska, Kansas and Texas; and New York State has upon its 
farms 609,000 horses, more than that of any other North Atlan¬ 
tic State. The progress in this immense industry is reported as 
generally favorable throughout the country at the present time 
and veterinarians are urged to concentrate their thoughts in an 
endeavor to evolve plans of economy that will tend to further its 
progress. 
