RINDERPEST AS OBSERVED IN THE PHILIPPINES. 
299 
The advantages of this method are lasting immunity—sup¬ 
posed to continue through life—and that serum can be prepared 
and stored for several months, and one set of inoculations is all 
that is necessary. In case the reaction does not develop, the ani¬ 
mal is rendered temporarily immune for several months and, 
having the animals under daily or bi-daily temperature chart, ad¬ 
ditional virulent blood can be given ten days later than the for¬ 
mer, and thus bring on a reaction. 
The disadvantages are that from i% to 10% die from this 
method. It is impossible to regulate the amount of virus in re¬ 
lation to amount of serum to be given to animals in the same 
herd and the various degrees of susceptibility in different local¬ 
ities ; also the greater skill is required, and it is expensive owing 
to the necessity of keeping trained assistants over each herd for 
at least ten or twelve days. 
The additional danger with all inoculations where blood is 
used in countries infected with surra, as the Philippines are, is 
.that of transmitting the Trypanosoma Evansi to the herd being 
inoculated through the medium of the virulent blood, the same 
having been obtained from another animal in possible distant re¬ 
gions from the herd receiving the inoculation inhabits, and as 
the above trypanosoma lurks in the plethoric caraboo for years 
without seeming harm to him and that repeated daily 
microscopic examinations of his blood is necessary to determine 
its presence, it is readily seen that one cannot be absolutely sure 
that he is securing virulent rinderpest blood that is not also car¬ 
rying in it the trypanosoma which, administered to another herd 
under their lower vitality caused by serum inoculations and con¬ 
finement, may develop so strong as to cause additional losses and 
a continued enfeebled state of many so< inoculated, should they 
recover. 
Another point we desire to make is that serum prepared from 
one specie should be used in that specie, as it has been proven 
that the immunizing agent produced in one specie is not so 
quickly or completely utilized in another specie, especially when 
administered to him, as is often the case, in his enfeebled state. 
