TUBERCULO-INFECTION OF MAN. 
561 
culosis of the intestines and the mesenteric glands examined by 
the Imperial German Health Office, found thirteen to be caused 
by bacilli of the bovine type, and summed up their conclusions 
as follows: Though bovine types of bacilli are more commonly 
isolated from bovine lesions, and human types from human le¬ 
sions, there are cultures that must be considered to be transition 
forms, having some of the bovine, and others of the human type. 
They also state that the former doctrine which taught that pri¬ 
mary intestinal tuberculosis is a rare disease can no longer be 
considered sound. 
Gorter, after careful studies, concludes that human and bo¬ 
vine bacilli are not different varieties, and that the conversion of 
the one type into the other actually occurs. 
Sargo and Suess showed that these mutations were of a char¬ 
acter to preclude grouping tubercle bacilli from animals of the 
different species as special varieties. 
Von Behring’s views, who ranks as one of the most widely 
recognized authorities on tuberculosis, we have already quoted 
at the outset of this paper. 
The British Royal Commission on Human and Animal Tuber¬ 
culosis comes to the same conclusion, viz., the close causal rela¬ 
tionship between human and bovine tuberculosis. 
Aufrecht in 1900, and Baumgarten in 1901 pointed out that 
inhalation had not been proven to be the exclusive or even the 
most important mode of infection with tuberculosis. 
Nicholas and Desces in 1902, confirmed by Ravenal in 1903, 
proved experimentally that tubercle bacilli introduced into the 
healthy intestinal canal of animals rapidly passed through the un¬ 
injured mucosa and appeared in the great thoracic duct on their 
way to the venous circulation. 
Earlier, even, Nocard and his pupils, Desoubry and Porcher, 
had shown that the passage of bacteria through the normal in¬ 
testinal wall and their transference to the blood was possible. 
It is true that tuberculosis is more commonly an affection of 
the lung (11-12) than of other portions of the body (1-12). The 
explanation for this, which was long regarded as satisfactory and. 
