580 
A. B. M’CAPES. 
of the other hand, inserted under the skin and cord just brought 
out, you will be able to secure the testicle through a very small 
opening. It is essential that the opening be small, as a large open¬ 
ing might result in hernia. This method of locating the sper¬ 
matic cord will be successful in a large majority of cases; how¬ 
ever, there are a few cases in which the cord is not so easily lo¬ 
cated. In these cases the operator must explore deeper into the 
pubic region. This must be done with care and under no con¬ 
dition must the operator insert the whole hand unless he cares to 
make the operation a radical one, which is seldom advisable. If 
the cord cannot be found with one finger, it will seldom, if ever, 
be found by inserting the whole hand. In a great many cases if 
the operator will work very slowly with the finger he will be sur¬ 
prised to find the cord located at some point which he has just 
explored; this is probably due to the fact that the bowels have 
moved the cord or testicle from some remote part to a point 
within reach of the operator. If, after a few moments 1 explora¬ 
tion as described, the operator fails to locate the cord, the hand 
may be removed and the horse rolled over and back again. This 
movement will sometimes assist in bringing the cord to the point 
at which the opening has been made. It may then be easily 
found by again inserting the finger. 
Imperfect Cryptorchids. 
Imperfect cryptorchids are those cases in which the spermatic 
cord has descended through the inguinal canal, the testicle being 
retained in the abdominal cavity. This condition cannot always 
be determined before the incision is made. When, therefore, the 
incision through the skin has been made and the connective tis¬ 
sues broken down, one should examine carefully to make sure 
whether or not this condition is present; if so, the following 
method should be followed: Grasp the loop part of the spermatic 
cord with the right hand (if the testicle is on the right side) and 
pass the left hand into the opening and with the left forefinger 
make the opening through Poupart’s ligament, and at the same 
point as in operating on a perfect cryptorchid. When the finger 
