DISEASES AND TREATMENT. 
667 
nasal form there is at first a thin watery discharge from the 
nostrils, with an offensive odor which is characteristic of roup. 
Later the catarrhal product becomes somewhat thicker and the 
nostrils become glued shut, and quite frequently there is a bulging 
of the maxilliary or infraorbital sinus. This is due to the accu¬ 
mulation of the inflammatory products in this sinus. The second 
part affected is the mouth. This affection often accompanies the 
nasal form. It is characterized by diphtheritic ulcerations which 
are covered with a yellowish-white crust or coagulated exudate. 
These necrosing patches gives it the name of avian diphtheria 
The third location is the eye. There is at first an inflammation 
of the mucous membrane covering the anterior part of the eye¬ 
ball. As the disease progresses, the catarrhal product accumulates 
as a watery clot-like mass, whitish in color. The eyelids stick to¬ 
gether and hold the material as it accumulates till the parts bulge 
outward. There is sneezing, shaking of the head and expulsion 
of mucous and loss of appetite; the bird appears weak, and has a 
tottery walk and becomes rapidly emaciated. Breathing is diffi¬ 
cult at times, and often there is diarrhoea, and the bird dies in a 
few days. 
'Treatment —Correct any condition which may be a predis¬ 
posing cause. The hen-house should be well ventilated, but with¬ 
out drafts on the birds, and it should be cleaned and disinfected 
daily. If the bird is not valuable, kill and burn it. Treatment 
with drugs differs with the location of the lesion. For the ulcers 
or diphtheritic patches in the mouth, nothing is better than burn¬ 
ing with stick nitrate of silver. For the eyes, press open the lids 
and remove the material with clean absorbent cotton, then apply 
the material as for infection of the nostrils. Wash out the nos¬ 
trils with a 20 per cent, solution of common baking soda, then 
with peroxid of hydrogen. With a medicine dropper or small 
syringe, inject some of the following: Oil of thyme, i dram; oil 
of eucalyptus, 20 drops; oil petrol, 2 ounces. Give plenty of clean 
water and soft feed. Give one grain of quinine three times a 
day, as well as a tablespoonful of castor oil. 
A Correction : In Dr. H. D. Bergman’s article, “ Oil o : f 
Camphor,” on line 6, page 587, should read, “ camphorated oil.” 
