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W. L. WILLIAMS. 
ment, and judging from analogy there can be but little doubt 
that the other two cases were identical with this one. 
The causes which lead to such transverse development 
are not clearly understood. Downward and backward ute¬ 
rine displacement occurred in all my cases, being certainly 
not primary, but secondary in character, due to the unusual 
mode or direction of foetal development. Fleming mentions 
uterine displacements, but in those cases the displacement is 
described as occurring directly downwards, and the foetus 
presenting in any of the ordinary positions. In the cases re¬ 
corded above, bearing in mind the usual form and position 
of the uterus and its cornua and the foetus, it is impossible to 
imagine how the uterus could be so displaced, except through 
some fundamentally vicious position of the foetus during its 
development. It would seem, therefore, that this anomaly in 
gestation is due to the impregnated ovum developing trans¬ 
versely for a time in the body of the uterus, and later extend¬ 
ing more or less equally by the extremities into both cornua. 
Franck and other observers tell us that the foetus in the 
mare, during the earlier stages of gestation, develop mainly 
in one cornu, bearing the grav-id cornu downwards toward 
the inferior abdominal walls, and with this bearing downward 
and forward, the vagina suffers consequent elongation and 
narrowing. Later on in pregnancy, in this normal position, 
the foetus extends and develops more and more info the body 
of the uterus, the longer axis of mare and foetus correspond¬ 
ing, the anterior extremity of foetus gradually approaches the 
os, relieving the previous tension upon the vagina, and slowly 
pushing the os towards the vulva, permits the vagina to dilate 
laterally. 
When, however, the development takes place in the body 
of the uterus, with the long axis of the foetus transverse to 
that of the mare, we can readily understand that in the ear¬ 
lier stage of foetal life, the same change in position of the 
genital organs must occur, except that the foetus would neces¬ 
sarily bear the uterus down nearer to the os pubis than 
though the development occurred in one cornu, and the 
transverse position of the foetus necessitating extraordinaiy 
