306 
OLOF SCHWARTZKOPFF. 
/ 
Having seen and examined parts of this collection, I will 
undertake to demonstrate, with the guide of the above men¬ 
tioned tables, together with my own experience and observa¬ 
tion while practicing in breeding establishments, that our 
practical men have been quite right in many cases, and that 
the doubts to which reference has been made are not without 
foundation. 
Before entering into the variations observed, I will briefly 
review what is accepted concerning the dentition of the pig. 
This animal has two sets of teeth, a first called the tempor¬ 
ary or milk teeth, which after a certain term of general devel¬ 
opment of the animal, are replaced by a seeond set, called the 
permanent teeth. In both the temporary and permanent 
dentition we distinguish three kinds of teeth, according to 
their form and purpose; these are called—first, the incisors, 
placed in the anterior portion of the jaw for taking up the 
food ; second, the tusks or canine teeth, which are looked 
upon merely as a natural weapon; and third, the grinding 
teeth, or molars, in the posterior part of the jaw, for the masti¬ 
cation of food. The permanent molars are divided into pre¬ 
molars and molars; the rudimentary tooth, commonly known 
as wolf’s tooth, being counted with premolars. The wolf’s 
tooth and the three permanent molars come into place with¬ 
out being preceded by milk teeth. 
Because of certain difficulties in describing the number of 
these different teeth, their disposition in the jaw and mode of 
succession, it has become a practical usage to represent these 
particulars in a dental formula; such is a combination of let¬ 
ters and figures being very convenient for reading and writ¬ 
ing. The following formula we will adopt for our purpose: 
I. TEMPORARY OR MILK DENTITION, COMPLETE. 
6 upper. ) incisors, 1 
6 lower, f i. 
Formula of Temporary Dentition for one side of the 
Jaw. 
2 upper. ~) tusks or 
> canine teeth, 
INOISOKS. 
TUSKS. 
MOLAKS. 
2 lower. ) ’ c. 
i 1, i 2, i 3, 
c. 
m 1, m 2, m 3, 
6 upper. > molars, 
6 lower. > m. 
i 1, i 2, i 3, 
14 on each side. 
c. 
m 1, m 2, m 3, 
28 on both sides. 
