314 
Gr. ARCHIE STOCKWELL. 
I. The order of succession of the teeth in our precocious pigs 
remains the same as in the primitive hog. 
II. The times when the teeth appear are variable, according 
to the race, feeding and health. The same breeds, 
raised under the same conditions, will show the same 
appearance. 
III. The form of the skull depends upon nutrition, health and 
more or less employment of certain muscles of the 
head and neck. 
THE DIARRHOEAS OR “SCOURS” OF NURSLINGS: COLTS, 
CALVES AND LAMBS. 
By Gr. Akohie Stookwell, M.D., F.Z.S., Member of New Sydenham 
Society (London). 
In adult domestic creatures, simple scouring being as a 
rule self-limited, is usually a matter of little moment, and non¬ 
productive of harm ; the reverse, however, holds true of suck¬ 
lings, more especially among ovines. The losses to breeders 
and agriculturists from this cause alone, in a single season, in 
some years assume frightful proportions, having on more than 
one occasion in the United States risen to forty per cent for 
lambs, and fifteen to twenty per cent for calves and colts. 
Further, it is computed that of the death rate of sucklings, 
seventy-five per cent, is attributable directly or indirectly to 
diarrhoea. Scours, too, appear to be upon the increase rather 
than otherwise, the cause being four-fold: 
First .—Because of improvement in breeds and grades, in¬ 
cluding too close in-breeding, thereby engrafting more sensi¬ 
tive and acute nervous organizations, and fostering and per¬ 
petuating race weaknesses.—The most serious objection to 
in-breeding is the tendency to magnify the evil at the expense 
of the good in any class or race. 
Second .—Owing to the lack of familiarity with the laws of 
hygiene, and knowledge of the physiological 1 phenomena 
governing digestion, nutrition, etc. 
