324 
G. ARCHIE STOCKWELL. 
yellow, and do not necessarily contain particles of undigested 
food. 
Epizootic scours are common, and in general outline re¬ 
semble somewhat both the bilious and lienteria, lacking, how¬ 
ever, the flow of bile peculiar to the former: frequently they 
are almost, or quite, dysenteric in character, are usually ac¬ 
companied by muco-enteritis with intense congestion of the 
mucous-follicles, and general inflamed condition of duode¬ 
num and stomach ; the latter on zootonic examination invari¬ 
ably contains curded milk. The passages are white, or white 
flecked with green, slightly acid ; at first mucous mixed with 
intestinal epithelium, they speedily become serous, streaked 
with blood perhaps, or even decidedly sanguineous, and arise 
from poisoning due to specific bacilli developed epizootically 
through damp, sour pastures, or the phenomena incidental to 
taking cold from over-crowding and impure air. 
It is by no means rare to find such scours complicated with 
other ailments such as pleuro-pneumonia, congestion of lungs, 
etc. They are, moreover, infectious, often truly epidemic, 
and generally rapidly fatal, especially in lambs, unless early 
cared for. The facts are, all infantile and nursling diarrhoeas 
not dependent on secondary causes and organic lesions, even 
to cholera infantum, present no anatomical changes other than 
inflammation of the gastro-intestinal membrane. 
In an established diarrhoea, one of sufficient moment to 
demand special therapeutic measures, there is morbid excita¬ 
bility and lowered tonicity of the mucous membrane, and a 
correspondingly rapid exudation of fluid, mucous or serous, 
into the alimentary tract, while the reflex excitement of the 
muscular coat of the bowel tends to free and perhaps forcible 
expulsion of the diarrhoeal fluid mixed with the remnants of 
food imperfectly digested. If serous, the loss of fluid con¬ 
stituent of the circulation with its saline ingredients, provoke 
other morbid conditions ; thus the secretions at large are di¬ 
minished, perverted, or obstructed ; the blood becomes thick 
so that oxygenation is but imperfectly accomplished ; and the 
train of phenomena, primary and secondary, that characterize 
the malady, rapidly succeed. Now follow inflammatory 
