32 
EXTRACTS FROM GERMAN PERIODICALS. 
pose tissue surrounding the superrenal capsules may be 
taken as a criterion of the age. As the calf advances in life, 
the dark red and clouded color of the latter tissue bleaches 
and disappears. Vilmar-Lennep relates a code which pro¬ 
hibits in Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt the killing when under ten 
days old. This ordinance he finds to serve the additional 
purpose of a safeguard in that it gives infectious diseases in¬ 
cidental to calves an opportunity to develop. 
At the close of the debate the meeting expressed its 
thoughts in the following resolution : 
“ The veterinary inspectors of abattoirs present are of the 
opinion that, generally speaking, eight days are sufficient to 
bring the calf into a condition suitable for slaughter, except 
when some have suffered from deficient nourishment or debili¬ 
tating disease.”— Thier. Woch. 
BRADYCARDIA IN CANIDS. 
Bradycardia—abnormal retardation of cardiac activity and 
pulse number—occurs not infrequently in encephalic affec¬ 
tions—immobility, and may be explained by an increase of 
the local blood pressure influencing the vagus center. Brady¬ 
cardia may also originate from toxic materials and in icterus. 
The same symptoms may also appear as an idiopathic affec¬ 
tion, as was the case of a dog housed in the Berlin veterinary 
hospital. 
This instance was a bull-dog nine years old having but 
twenty contractions of the pulse per minute. Heart tones 
and beats not observable; temperature 99.8° F.; animal well 
nourished but without appetite ; visible mucous membranes 
anaemic ; respiration 44 ; general dullness and great weakness 
possessed the patient; death occurred some two days after 
admittance. 
Autopsy exposed enlargement of the aorta above the semi¬ 
lunar valves approaching a dollar in size, and which was in a 
state of chronic inflammation ; other pathological observa¬ 
tions were absent. Frohner finds only two cases recorded in 
literature. One in the Zeitschr. f. Vet. Kunde, 1890, described 
