350 
JOHN M. PARKER. 
excessive hyper-peristaltic movements of the bowels. Proba¬ 
bly Dover’s powder (80 xx-xxx) is as good a form as any in 
which it can be given. Where there is much stupor chloro- 
hydral or ipecac is preferable to opium. Sometimes supposi¬ 
tories of opium are of great value. 
It should always be borne in mind that the simpler the 
medicinal treatment the better. Laxative medicine clears the 
intestinal tract of all irritating substances and products of 
fermentation, allowing it to begin afresh, “ so to speak.” After 
from twenty-four to forty-eight hours have elapsed, probably 
the best results are obtained by allowing the calf to suck a 
little, if it will. If it refuses then a very little diluted steril- 
ized'milk (not more than one-half pint at a time) may be given 
with the brandy and eggs and some preparation of opium. 
Medicinal treatment, however, is of secondary importance 
to dietetic and hygienic treatment; good, pure air, and plenty 
of it, is an absolute necessity ; nothing is more depressing,, 
especially in summer weather, than for a sick animal to be 
shut up in a hot, close pen, with little light or air ; and when 
we remember that these are cases of “ poisoning, with great 
nervous depression of the heart and system generally, and 
that we are not treating intestinal catarrh, nor intestinal in¬ 
flammation, although intestinal inflammation is one of the re¬ 
sults that are likely to follow if the patient survives the first 
overwhelming shock of the poison,” the necessity for pure 
air and good light and clean surroundings is still further em¬ 
phasized. During convalescence too much care cannot be 
taken ; if the calf is very young it should be allowed to suck 
a cow that has lately come in ; if that is impossible, then it 
should be fed scalded milk for some time, and the greatest care 
should be taken with the surrounding hygienic conditions. 
Diarrhceal diseases are to a great extent preventable; if 
“ scouring ” is due to the introduction of micro-organisms,, 
and if conditions favoring the growth of micro-organisms 
favor the development of the disease, then it follows as a nat¬ 
ural consequence that the removal of these conditions will be 
followed by a corresponding decrease in the prevalence of 
the disease. It is most important then that the milk should 
be kept in as cool a place as possible, the utensils ought to be 
