REPORT ON INTELLIGENCE AND EDUCATION. 
607 
the army. The effective force of veterinarians is as follows: 
The recruitment of veterinarians for the army is assured 
by means of military scholarships instituted in the schools at 
Alfort, Lyons and Toulouse. The army veterinarians are sub¬ 
ject to a regular system of promotion governed partly by 
seniority and partly by capacity; they are retired from the 
service according to the military system, fifty-eight years 
being the oldest for principal veterinarians ol the first-class; 
fifty-six the second class; fifty-three the first-class and fifty- 
two the second class are for the veterinary aids. 
In Belgium the veterinary department is governed by an 
inspecting veterinary surgeon under the orders of the inspec¬ 
tor-general of the medical service, and consists of the corps 
of veterinary surgeons of first, second and third class, thirty- 
four in all. 
In Germany the veterinarian ranks as first corps veteri¬ 
nary surgeon, equal to captain; upper veterinary surgeon, 
equal to first lieutenant; veterinary surgeon, equal to second 
lieutenant; under veterinary surgeon, equal to sergeant in 
cavalry. 
In the Netherlands the director-general of medical service 
is head of the medical and veterinary department, and has the 
rank of major-general. 
In Spain the veterinary department of the army is under 
the director-general of cavalry, and consists of one chief pro¬ 
fessor with assimilated rank of lieutenant-colonel; two inspec¬ 
tors with assimilated rank of lieutenant-colonel; two inspec. 
tors with assimilated rank of major; forty-three first-class 
professors with rank of captain ; seventy-five second class pro¬ 
fessors with rank of lieutenant; eighty-nine third class profes¬ 
sors with rank of ensign. Veterinary surgeons are attached 
to the mounted corps and also to cavalry depots. 
In Great Britain the royal warrant of the army provides 
for the appointment of veterinarians of the following classes ; 
Principal veterinary surgeon, with rank of colonel, with 
pay of $4,122.00 a year; inspecting veterinary surgeons, with 
rank of lieutenant-colonel, with pay of from $2,200 to $2,650 
a year ; veterinary surgeons, first class, with rank of captain, 
