100 
S. S. BUCKLEY AND W. G. MAC CALLUM. 
in such cases may be made. In most of the cases reported as 
cerebro-spinal meningitis, with symptoms resembling those to 
be described for this outbreak, the results of autopsies have 
been said to be negative or lesions were found which were quite 
insignificant in comparison with the severity of the symptoms. 
The symptoms, while fairly constant in their general char¬ 
acter, vary greatly in intensity. Cerebral disorder is evident 
early in the attack. The acute symptoms are sometimes pre¬ 
ceded by a gradual falling off in flesh and general “ unthrifti¬ 
ness,” although this is not always the history. There may be 
drowsiness associated with an impairment of sight, partial or 
complete paralysis of the pharynx, twitchings of the muscles of 
shoulders and thighs, coldness of the extremities, and a general 
condition of unsteadiness and weakness. In motion the ten¬ 
dency is to walk to one side, or a staggering, objectless gait, pos¬ 
sibly depending on the presence of unilateral or bilateral cere¬ 
bral [lesions respectively. The pulse is usually normal—the 
temperature varies between 96 and 103° F. An elevation of 
temperature usually indicates secondary complications. 
A comatose or delirious condition may follow, death result¬ 
ing in a great majority of the cases after an illness of from three 
to four hours to a week. The average course of the disease is 
very rapid, the animal succumbing after 48 to 72 hours. Cases 
which recover often become “ dummies,” the name indicating a 
permanent cerebral affection with loss of intelligence. It is dif¬ 
ferentiated from the ordinary purulent encephalitis by its occur¬ 
rence in an enzootic form. 
Post-mortem Appearances .—At autopsy nothing especial has 
been noticed in the thoracic or abdominal organs—some inflam¬ 
mation of the nasal mucosa has often been observed. In the 
central nervous system, however, the lesions have been quite 
definite and constant, as far as could be judged from four brains 
from autopsies on horses dying after an acute attack of the dis¬ 
ease, which were brought to the laboratory with one from a so- 
called “ dummy ” which had died from another cause after hav¬ 
ing recovered from an acute attack several months before. 
