294 
EXTRACTS FROM EXCHANGES. 
of a specific rusty brown color, mixed very rarely with blood. 
On autopsy these differences are not so well marked. The most 
important sighs of the macroscopical changes can be differen¬ 
tiated in the following : 
Tris teza Anthrax. 
Spleen enormously enlarged, of a Spleen very much swollen, pulpa 
dark color and of a firm consis- black, soft and semisolid. 
Liver always violet, bile liquid. 
Kidneys always hyperaemic. 
No hemoglobinuria, rarely hema¬ 
turia. 
Lymph glands very hypertrophic, 
frequently hemorrhagic and 
black, surrounded by an exten¬ 
sive edema. 
Muscles always grayish colored, 
having the specific febrile cdor. 
Blood thick, violet; as soon as 
leaves the vessel of a dirty red 
color. 
Especially the appearance of the muscles is considered by 
the author as the most characteristic difference between anthrax 
and tristeza. The microscopical examination proves two entirely 
different diseases. In the place of bacteria, in tristeza, the red 
blood corpuscles (especially the ones in the kidneys) contain 
pear-shaped or round parasites, which will not take Gram’s 
staining, but take well the methylen blue. Also the number of 
the red blood corpuscles can be used in the differentiation of 
this disease. In tristeza their number is very small, while in 
anthrax this is not the case. Finally the differential diagnosis 
is supported by test inoculations. Tristeza is only transmissible 
to the bovine species. Guinea pig, rabbit, sheep, goat, hog, 
horse, etc., are insusceptible, while anthrax is fatal to all ani¬ 
mals .—(Recueil de Med. Vet.) 
Extirpation of a Melanotic Degenerated Parotid 
Gland [Dr. Vogt ].—The right parotid gland of a gray gelding 
gradually increased in size to such an extent that it interfered 
with the turning of the neck to the right, and also affected the 
function of respiration. As this happened to be a gray gelding, 
the diseased condition was considered to be of a melanotic na¬ 
ture. It was concluded to extirpate the gland. An incision was 
made into the skin extending the whole length of the gland, 
which was then dissected from the gland, after which the bluish- 
black gland was visible. The inferior portion of the gland was 
tence. 
Liver yellowish, considerable 
cloudy bile. 
Kidneys almost black or very pale. 
Haemoglobinuria. 
Lymph glands, slightly hypertro¬ 
phic, rarely haemorrhagic. 
Muscles of a normal healthy color. 
Blood mostly clear, coagulates 
well, first bright red, later be- 
r>r>m i tl cr flark 
