DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY. 
763 
form of choroiditis we may include all septic inflammatory condi¬ 
tions of the inner structures of the eyeball as indications for 
enucleation of the eyeball. 
3. Rupture of Eyeball. —Under this topic we will consider 
ruptures of various intensities, e. g ., ( a ) Complete ruptures of all 
the coats of the eyeball ; in this class of injuries we include all 
injuries to the eyeball that rupture all the coats and accofnpan- 
led by prolapsus of the structures within, such as the iris lens 
choroid, vitreous humor, or retina. The rupture is usually at 
the ciicumcorneal attachment, and the edges may be very rag¬ 
ged and vary in size; (b) Partial ruptures of the coats, such as 
the choroid, without injuring the sclera and conjunctiva * or 
rupture of choroid and sclera without rupturing the conjunc¬ 
tiva.. In all ruptures the sight is impaired, but all ruptures are 
not indications for the operation. Those ruptures which render 
the ball susceptible to infection are the only indications gener- 
aHy 5 most °f the other injuries of this kind can be successfully 
treated otherwise. With these indications we may consider hy- 
drophthalmosis, which is a condition generally followed by more 
serious complications in the course of time, and in some instan¬ 
ces requires enucleation. 
4* Accidental Wounds. —Injuries caused by accidents often 
terminate unfavorably, and in such instances it is necessary to 
remove the eyeball in order to prevent complications. All in¬ 
juries that leave the eyeball infected, or subject to secondarv in¬ 
fection, are indications for the operation. 
. . 5 - Injuries from Heat , Chemical or Electric Currents. —In¬ 
juries of this origin are not common in domestic animals, but 
occur occasionally as a result of accidents. When the injury is 
caused by .strong acid or alkali the superficial structures may be 
so badly injured as to destroy the sight and allow the inner 
structures to protrude through the outer coats. If such condi¬ 
tions become obstinate, and secondary infection takes place and 
involves the inner portion of the ball, it should be removed. 
Operation .—The patient must be cast and secured. The 
operation, may be accomplished by the use of a local or general 
anaesthetic, but we would recomend a general anaesthetic. 
The instruments required are an eye-speculum, artery and 
issecting forceps, strabismus hook and enucleation scissors. 
Techniqtte. —An incision is made in the conjunctiva near the 
cornea and dissected from the anterior surface of the ball and 
straight muscles. The ball is then dissected from the orbit with 
the scissors and the ball pressed out of its socket and the optic 
