EXTRACTS FROM EXCHANGES. 
769 
in that by this cheap and easy treatment their best milk cows 
escape parturient paresis. The author recommends to his col¬ 
leagues further experimentations in this direction.—( Berl. 
Thierarzt . Wochenschr .) 
Atrophy of the Optic Nerves in a Horse after a 
Great Boss of Beood [ Walther] .—A gelding, 14 years of 
age, frightened, slipped and fell on the pavement upon the right 
chest wall; this was immediately followed by a profuse pulmo¬ 
nary haemorrhage. The blood which escaped from both nos¬ 
trils amounted to about 8 quarts. The horse was taken to the 
stable, which was about 50 yards away. He moved drowsily, 
was very fearful, both pupils were markedly dilated. A close 
examination on this day was omitted to prevent new haemor¬ 
rhages. On the next day the examination revealed the follow¬ 
ing : pupils dilated to their extreme, showing a greenish gleam ; 
a reaction of the pupils did not take place, even in the bright¬ 
est light. The horse is completely blind. The examination 
with the ophthalmoscope reveals that the refracting parts of the 
eyes are clear ; in the right eye towards the nasal direction 
from the papillae are two sharply defined haemorrhages notice¬ 
able in the retina, of the size of a hemp. Both papillae appear 
paler than normally. In the course of the followiug days the 
papillae became a greyish white ground color, which partially 
are traversed by light stripes ; they from time to time became 
smaller. The haemorrhages in the retina finally appear as yel¬ 
low spots. After three weeks the horse was discharged as in¬ 
curable.— ( Zeitschr . f. Veterinaerk .) 
Actinomycosis in a Horse [Schwartz].— April 28th a 
young horse was brought to the sick-ward with the history that 
the animal takes its food considerably slower than the rest of 
the horses and that it has a tumor on the upper jaw. The ex¬ 
amination of the buccal cavity revealed positive results. On 
the upper jaw there was an enlargement, hard in consistency 
and of the size of a pigeon’s egg, which extended from the right 
corner incisor to the left middle incisor. On its surface there 
were several somewhat softer spots, which contained tracts, 
from which a light yellow thick secretion was discharged. The 
mucous membrane surrounding the tumor was reddened, the 
blood-vessels of the upper lip much congested. A probing of 
the tracts and injections of a liquid into them revealed a connec¬ 
tion of these, as the injected solution squirted from all the open¬ 
ings. Under the microscope the discharge, with an addition of 
acetic acid, appeared as a grayish yellow lumpy mass which 
