EXTRACTS FROM EXCHANGES. 
931 
place in a fairly natural condition, and gradually the mare re¬ 
covered.— {Vet. Record.') 
Complete Removal of two Sacral Vertebrae in a Cow 
—Recovery [W. M. Scott, F.R.C.V.S.]. —An eight-year-old 
milk cow was presented to the author for a small injury on the 
“ rump-bone.” The wound was situated on the median line, over 
the second and third sacral vertebrae. Covered by a thick scab, 
from under which pus oozed freely, it showed a fistulous tract 
some five or six inches long, and running perpendicular to the 
bone, which was felt on probing. A thick wall of granulation 
tissue surrounded the wound. The owner objecting to the des¬ 
truction of the animal, Mr. S. decided to operate. The cow was 
cast and chloroformed. The soft tissues were freely excised and 
the extensive diseased bony material removed. The haemorrhage 
was abundant. The resultant cavity was treated as antisepti- 
cally as possible, and the animal recovered with only a paralysis 
of the tail, which required amputation high up. According 
to the author: “ Roughly speaking, the tissues impaired by the 
operation were as follows : (i) Muscles : Origin of the biceps 
femoris from the sacral spine, part of the semitendinosis, of the 
buccinator coccygis, and of the curvator coccygis. (2) Bones : 
Probably the second and third sacral vertebrae. (3) Nerves: 
Prolongation of the spinal cord, sacral nerves from inferior fora¬ 
men, branches of the lumbo-sacral plexus, sympathetic gangliated 
cord. (4) Blood-vessels: Middle sacral, small collateral branches, 
cutaneous and deep. (5) Ligaments : Prolongation of the 
supra spinator ligament.”—( Vet. Record.) 
Aneurism of the Aorta with Calcified Walls [//. 
G. Simpson, M.R. C. VS.) .—A cob, five years old, being affected 
with intermittent lameness for a long time, was finallv destroyed 
and a post-mortem made to ascertain if his trouble was not due 
to thrombosis of the iliac arteries. At the autopsy an enlarge¬ 
ment was found over the aorta just behind the diaphragm, which 
proved to be a large aneurism. The walls of the enlargement 
were hard, brittle and calcareous. The cavity was filled with a 
clot. Three atheromatous patches were found in the coats of 
the aorta within a few inches of the aneurism. This meas¬ 
ured seven inches in circumference at its broadest part, and 
the longitudinal measurement, including the wall of the ves¬ 
sel, was nine inches. There were no traces of thrombosis in the 
iliacs. The animal had been lame for some two years, first on 
the off, then on the near hind leg, the lameness generally mani¬ 
festing itself after short work and subsiding by a few days of 
