1000 
C. BROWN. 
from 12 to 30 hours; ninety per cent, of the affected animals 
died. Two forms, an exanthematous and a pectoral, were de¬ 
scribed. In the former there was a rise in temperature to 42 
degrees C.; swelling of the face and neck, stomatitis, glossitis ; 
cyanosis and ecchymosis of the mucous membrane and diar¬ 
rhoea, with blood-streaked pieces. Death occurred in from 12 
to 60 hours. In the pectoral form, which was not observed in 
cattle, there were signs of pneumonia and pleuro-pnemnonia, 
death resulting in from 5 to 8 days. 
Bacteriologically, Bollinger demonstrated only that anthrax 
bacilli were not present and that the disease was inoculable to 
cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, goats and rabbits. In 1885 Kitt 
studied an outbreak of an unknown epizootic disease of cattle, 
pigs, etc., in Simbath. He isolated a short polar staining 
bacillus, non motile, growing best anarobically in broth at in¬ 
cubator temperature, not liquifying gelatine and inoculable to 
cattle, horses, sheep, goats and rabbits. In the blood prepara¬ 
tion collected in 1878 (consequently preserved seven years from 
the case which has been described by Bollinger) Kitt found 
bacilli morphologically the same as those from the Simbath 
outbreak. Joline confirmed Kitt’s observation on material and 
culture furnished him by Kitt. Huppe from specimens received 
of Kitt also confirmed the latter’s statement and identified the 
bacilli with those shown by Semmer, Perroncito, Toussaint, 
and Pasteur, to be the cause of European chicken cholera ; those 
described by Koch and Jeffky as producing septicaemia in rab¬ 
bits, and these Eoffler and Schutz had found to be the cause of 
schweineseuche, or German swine plague. Huppe proposed the 
name u Bacillias Septicaemiae Haemorrhagicae ” for the members 
of the group and his observation and classification have been 
corroborated by a number of later observers. 
In 1889 Jensen in Jutland described an infectious disease 
among calves—sixteen animals which died after showing 
symptoms of fever and diarrhoea. Post-mortem : phlegmonous 
cedematous swellings were present in the subcutaneous tissue ; 
marked haemorrhages were present throughout all the organs ; 
