28 
& tmtSSSKStiX* 2tf&°2S! Mr «U 
but it “id not gem Sateuntil the late rains set in, and then it was 
too late forthe® wheat-bulb worm to find a 
the flies having deposited their eggs by the 15th o* beptembe . 
T+ ia rterhans worth while to mention, also, that many ol the 
larvre and are still in the straw at harvest, and that prompt 
threshing would be likely to destroy many of these. _ 
Tt is necessary to bear in mind, however, that there is a. strong 
i i ;iiiv lbfViiq insect breeds in some of our native or cultivated 
Cssts 1 and that l! such be the case, no destruction of those occur¬ 
ring in'grain will be more than a partial and imperfect preventive. 
SUMMARY. 
The wheat-bulb worm, known as an enemy of wheat since 1845, 
has but iust been completely studied, full descriptions of all the 
stases and a complete account of the life history having been rs 
stage. „ -nvaagnt vear. It makes its attack 
on whSt J?nd W i”e in the form of a slender, small cylindrical mag- 
on wheat ana rye , 00 lor, footless, and without distinct 
head? pointed It one end (the anterior), and tapering but obtuse at 
the other. 
e utiitu. .. . -i 
Tt is a Quarter of an inch long when full-grown, and is composed 
of twelve segments, not counting the head, which is minute and no 
?a R dv distSshed. Within the latter are seen two longitudinal 
black hooks? curved downwards at the tip, which are kept in con- 
i. backward and forward motion as long as the insect is alive. 
In this form it is found in October and November, throughout the 
wintei and until the following May, concealed among the bases of 
the leaves iust above the root, of young winter wheat, killing the 
plant by gnawing and tearing the stem and leaves and sucking 
sap. Where the larvae are numerous, they may easily totally 
stroy a field of wheat or rye. 
Here in April and May, the worms transform to pup®,. these 
being much like the larval in general appearance, but shorter anc 
Thicker and anparently, with less numerous segments, those at tm 
ends being shrunken and inconspicuous. From this pupa the adu 
a v prneraes in June, a two-winged, greenish insect, only one fitt 
of an inch long distinguished by strongly thickened posterior ting is | 
anfby three longitudinal black stripes on the thorax and abdomen 
These flies soon lav their eggs for a second brood, attach e 
them usually near the edge of the sheath of the upper leaf of th 
wheatjoften several of the white fusiform bodies (ongitudinaU 
ribbed and less than .025 of an inch long) being ° th P sheatl 
From these the young larvae hatch in June and enter , 
working their way down to the base of the stem of the lie. 
the upper joint, where they immediately commence to feed upon tt 
soft Tsues rf this tendered part of the stem. As a consequence 
tie had of the grain is blighted and boom turns white .and t 
stem within the sheath finally withers and blackens foi a hah 
