75 
DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE, 
In Illinois this species has been reported from various situations 
roughout the State, from Rockford on the north, to Carbondale to 
e southward, and from Peoria, McLean and Grundy counties in 
ntral-Illinois. To the eastward, it is known from Maine, Connec- 
ut, New York, New Jersey, Ontario and Michigan, and to the 
stward from Iowa and Missouri. It did considerable local mis- 
lef in Ontario in 1873, and was so destructive in some parts of 
vva in 1874, as to compel the plowing up of the plants. In 1877, 
was equally destructive in Grundy county, Illinois, where some 
lit growers sacrificed their fields to destroy the insect; and here 
continued a serious pest during the two years following. Com- 
rnly however, although it is rarely altogether absent from straw- 
rry fields, it is practically harmless, not occurring in numbers 
Sficient to make any visible impression on the plants. 
HABITS, AND INJURY TO THE STRAWBERRY. 
The eggs, "which are laid in the leaf-stalk, imbibe moisture as they 
Mure, and consequently cause a swelling of the stem. The gravity 
the injury done by the larvae has already been mentioned under the 
ceding head, and it only remains to say that they attack the 
nt by riddling the leaves with holes, with the necessary effect, 
en numerous, to retard its growth, or sometimes even to kill it’ 
I to greatly diminish the fcrop. “When not feeding they rest on 
j under side of the leaf coiled in a spiral, the tail occupying the 
iter, and fall to the ground at the slightest disturbance.” 
NATURAL ENEMIES. 
4r. Galusha has remarked that the part of an infested field which 
3 freely visited by chickens was not injured by the worms, and 
. Hofmeister, of Iowa, reports that bluebirds and chipping-spar- 
rs ate them greedily in his fields; but with the exception of these 
► rather indefinite items of information, we have no knowledge of 
1 natural enemy of this pest. There can be little doubt, however, 
t parasites, either insect or fungous, really infest this species, 
I may be discovered by properly directed observations. In fact 
/ extraordinary inconstancy of its numbers would of itself be suffi- 
it to indicate strongly the action of destructive parasites, either 
mal or vegetable. 
REMEDIES. 
very much regret to have to treat of remedies for this insect 
le the very basis of remedial recommendations is yet in some 
14. If this insect is two-brooded, as reported by Riley, a second 
xl of larvae appearing on the leaves in July and August, it may 
iestroyed by simple and easy measures; while if the opinions of 
^•Galusha and French and Miss Smith are to be accepted, it 
- difficult species to manage, and its attacks must be met, as far 
possible, by quite other methods. 
