134 
air but were not dried off as in the preceding case by being placffl ft 
upon blotting paper. In twenty minutes all those treated were , 
helpless and in two hours their condition was unchanged. In j 
twenty hours all but eight were dead, and five hours later these | 
had likewise perished. 
Finally this last experiment was repeated substantially upon | 
thirty-five 5 adults, except that immediately after spraying them IS] 
kerosene emulsion, they were placed upon absorbent paper, and ex-1 
posed to the air in a breeding cage. In half an hour two had j 
crawled away, and one of the others showed signs ot life. In an it 
hour and a half all three of these had escaped, one more was de-* 
cidedly active, and a fifth was feebly active. In another hour thirtv 
were apparently lifeless, the remaining five having recovered agj 
escaped Seven hours after the application these thirty were stil* 
motionless and, evidently, altogethei dead, . V II 
As a result of the experiments with the kerosene emulsion, it rd 
clear that spraying with a mixture containing five per cent, ot kero--: 
sene is an effective remedy, and that it will be found available for* 
field use The escape of a few of those experimented upon wpj 
probably, chiefly due to the unequal mixture of the fluid. 
SUMMARY. 
The tarnished plant bug is one of the true bugs, con ™f^ ue *J ,j 
destitute of jaws and provided with a suctorial beak Ihe aduly 
or winged form is about a fifth of an inch m length by half that, 
m width, oval, yellow, or greenish yellow more or less striped Or. 
mottled with dusky. It is extremely variable, but the most constant) 
marks are five longitudinal white lines on the thorax (often reducecj 
to spots, which then occupy the anterior margin), a white y -shape 
mark on the scutellum, which is sometimes broken into three jli 
points arranged in a triangle, and a white blotch tipped with blaci 
near the end of the wing covers. 
The young are much less variegated than the adult, and mor 
distinctly green. There are four stages between the egg and tnj 
mature insect, corresponding to as many different moults, in ai|l 
except the first stage, the young may be distinguished by the preej 
ence of five black dots upon the back arranged m a pentagon! 
form. 
The old bugs winter under rubbish upon the ground, emerge ear 
in spring, cluster upon the unfolding buds of fruit trees, the ir^ 
foliage of strawberries and other early vegetation, and there a, 
their"eggs, old and young together draining the sap of these succuiei 
growing parts. The effect is to arrest the development of the leaje- 
and even to kill them, and in the case of the strawberry to inter ten 
with the growth of the fruit, sometimes, at least, causing what;. 
known as the “buttoning” of the berry. Later m the season, tr 
buds and leaves of flowering plants and vegetables, especially , 
cabbage and potato, are attacked. A 
There are at least two broods in a year, one maturing in Me 
and June, and the other in July and August, and it is possible 
there is still another intermediate. 
