species has a wide range, occurring throughout the country 
laine and Massachusetts to Illinois and Missouri, and Florida 
3xas. 
LIFE HISTORY. 
, Comstock believes this leaf-roller to be at least three-brooded, 
vae of the first brood occurring in May, of the second, in June, 
the third, in August. 
■ae collected by him May 13 pupated in part on the 19th and 
1 id as moths from the 19th of May to the 3d of June. Those 
3d June 20 pupated July 1 and emerged July 5-14; and those 
August 15 pupated September 1 and emerged September 1-16. 
larvae were found October 21. 
laine, larvae collected by Packard the first week in August 
d August 7 and transformed to the imago August 16 and 17. 
linois there seem also to be several broods, as indicated by 
lowing facts from our breeding-cage records, but it is not pos- 
> fix their number or to assign them limitations of time. 
ae collected May 17, this year, began to pupate on the 30th 
emerge June 7. Those obtained May 23 pupated June 11-21 
mmenced to emerge June 19. Others taken June 7 emerged 
6-28. Those pupating July 6 emerged July 11, (Coquillet), 
ose taken August 18 pupated on the 20th and completed their 
Tmations on the 31st of the same month. 
ie, without actually breeding from the egg, we can only say 
e insect breeds all summer and that it apparently hibernates 
larval stage, as indicated by the late date of Prof. Comstock’s 
mentioned above. 
INJURIES TO VEGETATION. 
species has been repeatedly bred by us from corn, during 
resent year, the larvae being found in May and June 
the young leaves of the plant from side to side and feeding 
the cylindrical case thus formed. 
>rof. Comstock it was reported injurious to clover, both white 
d, near Washington, folding the leaflets into a kind of tube 
wing the edges together with silken threads spun for the pur- 
‘‘Sometimes,’’ he says, “they spin two leaflets loosely to- 
or to the flower head when they are nearly full grown. They 
rom either end of this tube, and feed upon the surrounding 
of which, when the larvae are young, they eat only the 
surface, leaving the veins and the epidermis of the upper 
itact, but when nearly full grown they eat irregular holes 
l the surrounding leaflets and flower heads. 
e larvae are very active when disturbed, and wriggle from 
abes, suspending themselves by a single thread, by which 
m let themselves down to to the ground, and if further dis- 
they wriggle about with great energy.” 
