78 
hellebore or arsenical poisons to the vines in July; but if, on the 
other hand, the spring brood is the only one, it must be combatted 
.if at all, while the fruit is on the vines, when no poisonous appli¬ 
cation would be permissible. To determine this point for Central 
Illiuois, careful observations were made throughout the season, and 
a large number of individuals were reared. 
On the 12th May, in Normal, McLean County, newly hatched 
larvae of this species, were observed upon strawberry leaves, and 
numerous eggs with the partially developed larvae within them. 
These eggs, some of which were kept for identification until the 
larvae emerged, were not placed in the petiole, as observed by Riley, 
but were thrust beneath the epidermis on the upper side of the leaf’ 
a crescentic slit having first been made by the ovipositor of the 
female. Attempts were made to carry these newly hatched lame 
through their transformations, and a few of them survived until 
June 5, at which date they were about half grown. Several young 
Pentatomidae, apparently Euschistus, appeared in the cage at this 
time, and to their predaceous habit the disappearance of the lam 
was attributed. 
On the 18th of June, strawberry slugs of this brood were found 
upon the leaves in the field, and on the 21st about 150 specimens 
were collected and placed in a breeding cage. These were fully 
grown, and began at once to enter the earth, nearly all having 
disappeared by June 24. On the 19th of July, those in the earth 
were examined, and found much shortened up for pupation but not 
yet transformed. At this # time strawberry fields where they had 
been previously abundant, averaging as many as two or three to 
each leaf, were swept carefully and extensively with an insect net, 
but not a single strawberry slug was found. 
On the 1st September, the larvae in the earth were examined but 
found still untransformed, most of them enclosed in small cocoons. 
On November 24, these conditions were practically unchanged; one 
of the larvae was dead, although yet fresh, but the others examined 
were living and in perfect condition. 
[Delay of publication permits me to add that the above saw-flies 
were emerging May 14, 1885, from the lot secured for breeding June 
21, of the year before.] 
The above experiment shows conclusively that in the latitude of 
Central Illinois, and during ordinary years, the strawberry slug or 
false worm has but a single brood, and that this is matured before 
the strawberry harvest is completed, a fact which so modifies the 
possibilities of effective attack upon the species that we are practi¬ 
cally limited to the application of pyrethrum* or other harmless in¬ 
secticides for the purpose of destroying the larvae, and to the use oi 
the insect net for the collection of the adult flies as they appear 
upon the vines in May for the deposit of their eggs, and later for 
the capture of the larvae.. These last are detached from the leaves 
at a touch, and I doubt not may' be collected without great trouble 
or expense by sweeping with an insect net. From this they could 
be shaken at intervals into a bucket of water covered with a nlm 
of kerosene. 
