York (188*2), and the latter, an illustrated article in the Report of 
the Entomologist of the United States Department of Agriculture 
for the same year. By Lintner the species was treated chiefly on 
account of its injuries to preserved fruits, and was by him given 
the name of the pickled-fruit fly. Prof. Comstock describes and 
illustrates the species fully, less with reference to its own injuries 
than for the purpose of enabling the fruit grower to distinguish it 
clearly from the apple maggot—-a very much more destructive insect. 
The fly is of wide distribution, occurring throughout Middle and 
Southern Europe and Southern Africa, as well as over Eastern 
North America. It is, in August, September, and October, one of 
the most numerous of species, wherever an abundant fruit supply 
is accessible, as it multiplies rapidly by many successive generations. 
By Prof. Comstock, each of the three preliminary stages—egg. 
larva, and pupa—is reported to continue . from three to five days’ 
and in some cases the fly begins to deposit its eggs when not more 
than two days old, the entire generation thus completing its cycle 
within less than a fortnight. 
By both Lintner and Comstock the fact of its injury to grapes is 
mentioned upon the authority of correspondents, the first remarking 
in a foot note, that examples of the fly had been received by him 
from the Bev. Samuel Lockwood, of Freehold, New Jersey, with the 
statement that the larvae had infested his ripe grapes during the 
autumn of 1881. Prof. Comstock’s information of this habit was 
obtained from a correspondent in New York, who reported the larvae 
to eat out completely the inside of the grapes “which while hanging 
on the vines, have first been picked open by birds. The decaying 
juices running out on the other berries of the cluster, spread decay 
and thus give more foothold for the larvae. Indeed, the larvae bore 
from one grape to another, while the imagos are constantly, by eggs, 
putting in new colonies until the cluster is nearly or quite destroyed, 
nothing remaining but the empty grape skins.” 
By Prof. Lintner, the same species was bred from jars of pickled 
plums to which the adults had doubtless got access while depositing 
their eggs. 
No natural enemies of this species are thus far known, and it is 
not easy to suggest feasible remedies for its injuries in the vine¬ 
yards. Unquestionably the practice of enclosing the clusters in 
paper bags, as is customary for protecting grapes from rot and 
birds, would be effective/against these insects also; audit will 
doubtless be decidedly to the interest of the vine grower to > prevent 
the accumulation of decaying and fermenting fruit about his prem¬ 
ises where the larvie may breed. 
Thf Grape Leaf Mite. 
(Phytoptus vitis, Lanclois.) 
Order Acarina. Family Phytoptime. 
The occurrence in the vineyards of Europe of a microscopic leaf 
mite, first described by Landois under the above name, has been 
known for a number of years, the injury resulting being conspicuous 
