THE BIRDS OF AUSTRALIA. 
Adult female. General colour of the upper-surface drab-grey tinged with pale bug oa 
the upper back and interscapulary region; tips of upper tail-coverts sUghtly 
fnnged with white ; flight-quills dark hair-brown, edged with grey on the outer 
webs and somewhat paler at the tips ; tail dark brown with pale tips to the 
feathers; interramal space whitish with dusky shaft-streaks; fore-neck and 
upper breast silverj^-wliite with dark shaft-streaks and lanceolate tips to the 
feathers ; lower breast, abdomen and under tail-coverts cream-white ; thighs pale 
brown ; axillaries and under wing-coverts pale grey; under-surf^e of flight- 
qmlls greyish-brown with wlnte shafts ; lower aspect of taU pale grejdsh-hrown, 
with wliite shafts and pale tips to the feathers. Eyes hght grey, bill and naked 
skin of head and neck black; legs and feet dark grey, claws black Total length 
280 mm. ; culmen from below knob 28, wing 138, tail 112, tarsus 32. Figured. 
Collected on the Watson River, North Queensland, on the 22nd of June, 1914| 
and is the type of T. c. watsoni, subsp. new. 
AdvM male. Similar to the adult female. 
Adult male. An elevated compressed casque at the base of the upper mandible; head 
and sides of the face entirely naked, except for a few scattered brown feathere 
on the lores and round the eye; entire upper-parts greyish-ash with indistinct 
brownish sliaft-streaks ; primaries and secondaries greyish-ash with the shafts 
of the feathers brown; cliin and upper tlmoat whitish, indistinctly streaked down 
the shaft with pale brown; base of the tlu'oat dark umber-brown; chest ashy- 
white with brownish shafts ; sides and flanks browirish-ash ; middle of the breast, 
belly, and under tail-coverts wliite; tail greyisli-ash, tipped with white. Eyes 
brown, bill black, legs steel-grey, feet black. Total length 320 mm.; culmen 
from knob 25, .wing 140, tail 120, tarsus 32. Collected on Mount Elhot, near 
Townsville, Northern Queensland, on the 1st of December, 1907, and is the tjpe 
of P. c. ellioti. 
“ Young birds resemble the adults, but have a much smaller protuberance on the upper 
mandible ; many of the feathers on the upper parts are brown and are broadly 
margined with wliite at the tip; the feathers also extend right on to the nape, 
those on the latter part, as well as those above the eye, chin, and margin of the 
throat, are rich brown ; those on the fore-neck are shorter, less lanceolate in form, 
and tipped with pale yellow; remainder of the under-siu’face dull wliite, those 
on the sides of the body being long, downy, and washed with pale brown.” (North.) 
Immature female. An elevated compressed helmet at the base of the upper mandible; 
head, sides of face and neck naked, except for umber-brown hnes of fe.athers down 
the centre of the head, over the eyes, on the lores and under the eyes; feathers of 
the upper-parts, including the wdng-coverts, light ash-colour, each feather bordered 
at the extremity with wliite, a few old tawny-brown feathers scattered over the 
body ; scapulars similar to the upper-parts, but lacking the white edges ; primaries 
uniform brownish-ash ; tail-feathera light ash-colour, broadly tipped with greyish- 
white on the inner web at the tip ; middle of the throat whitish tipped with 
brown ; sides of the tlipoat and base of the fore-neck deep umber-brown; upper 
chest white with brownish shaft-streaks, and tipped with pale yellow; chest, 
sides and flanks greydsh-ash, remainder of the under-surface, including the under 
wing-coverts, whitish. Collected in New South Wales on the llth of March, 1909. 
Eggs. Two to four eggs form the clutch, usually^ three. A clutch of three eggs taken at 
Cambo, Cambo Station, on the Moonie River, North-western New' South Wales, 
on the 8th of November, 1911, is of a pinkish-buff ground-colour, spotted with 
cloudy markings of chestnut and dull purplish-grey. Swollen ovals in shape. 
Surface of shell flne, smooth, and rather glossy. 30-31 by 22-23 mm. 
no 
