PIPIT. 
Gould’s words were seen to be quite correct and I easily separated seven 
subspecies as follows: 
Anthus australis australis VieiUot. 
New South Wales, Victoria. 
Anthus australis bistriatus (Swainson) 
Tasmania. 
Anthus australis adelaidemis Mathews. 
“Differs from A. a. australis in being more rufous above. Adelaide, South 
Australia.” 
South Australia. 
Anthus australis bilbali Mathews. 
“ Differs from A. a. australis hi its very much darker coloration, the striphig 
on the upper-breast being very pronounced. Wilson’s Inlet, South-west 
Australia.” 
South-west Austraha. 
Anthus australis subaustralis Mathews. 
Differs from A. a, australis in its paler coloration above and rufous under¬ 
surface. Lake Way, West Australia.” 
Mid Westralia. 
Anthus australis subrufus Mathews. 
“ A deep rufous phase agreeing in coloration with Mirafra javanica wood- 
wardi Milligan, from the same locality, and not comparable with any other 
subspecies of Anthus australis. Onslow, West Austraha.” 
North-west Austraha. 
Anthus australis tribulationis Mathews. 
“ Paler than A. a. subaustralis, and vdth an almost white under-surface, 
the black throat-striphig being thus pronounced. Point Torment, North¬ 
west Austraha.” 
North-west Austraha. 
Shortly afterward I added 
Anthus australis queenslandica. 
“ Differs from A. a. australis in being darker above, with less white on 
the second and tliird tail-feathers. The shaft of the second tail-feather is 
black, not brown.” 
North Queensland. 
When Montague compared his Monte Beho coUection he named 
Anthus australis montebelli. 
“ Differs from A. a. tribulationis Mathews in its smaUer size and its very much 
paler coloration, as the dark centres of the feathers on the upper-surface are 
much reduced ; the spotting on the breast is almost obsolete. Wing 82-88 mm. 
