RAVEN. 
Hill has observed: “ Common at Geelong. I do not remember having 
seen a Raven or a Crow in the Otways.” 
A. G. Campbell has stated: “ Parties of these birds frequently cross the 
Straits (to King Island) to and from Tasmania.” 
Berney, from the Richmond district. North Queensland, states: “ The 
Kaven appears far from common out this way.” 
Batey has written from Victoria: “ One of my brothers maintained, 
long years ago, that we had both Crows and Ravens, but I could not distinguish 
them then. Both Crows and Ravens, I should say, are very useful birds in 
destroying insect life of all kinds, either in the matured or larva state, though 
they are also pests on fruit.” 
Maclaine has noted from Clarke Island, Bass Strait: “ The Raven—the 
grazier’s arch-enemy—is, hke the poor, always with is, and a very wary fellow 
he is. He seems to have his eye everywhere, and if fired at without success 
is always on the qui vive. When the Mutton-Birds {Puffinus tenuirostris) are 
about half fledged, one will often see a score of Ravens, in company with the 
Pacific Gulls {Gabianus pacificus), amongst the rookeries, and if a young bird 
unwarily approaches the mouth of the burrow, he is soon taken by these 
depredators. 
Chisholm wrote about the “ Crow ” at Charlotte Plains, twelve miles from 
Maryborough, Victoria, and the Editors of the Emu noted this should have 
been “Raven. ” 
From the Pilbarra Goldfield, Whitlock wrote: “All the Crows I examined 
were Ravens. It is, of course, possible that the Crow occurs too.” 
Gibson, cataloguing the birds observed between Kalgoorlie and Eucla, 
wrote “ Crow. Common everywhere until the plain country is reached; 
here they are replaced by the Raven. Raven. Fairly common on the plams 
and in the coastal districts westerly as far as Ballardonia ; here both Crows 
and Ravens were identified, but this appears to be the latter’s western limit.” 
Macgillivray, writing about the region of the Barrier Range, has recorded : 
“ At the crossing a Raven’s {Corone australis) nest was examined ; it contained 
four newly hatched young and one chipping egg. Five eggs is a normal clutch 
for this species, and as incubation commences when the first egg is laid, the 
young are of different sizes. When hatched they are blind; skin yellowish, 
mostly bare, but with dirty grey dowm on humeral, femoral, and dorsal feather- 
tracts ; the eyes open on the fifth or sixth day, and are pale grey, which colour 
gets darker as the bird grows, but does not turn white until the birds are thirteen 
months old. The skin of the nesthng gradually darkens to a greenish-yellow, 
and there is then a gradual change to blackish-brown. This change takes 
place first on the feather tracts. The gape is bright pink, and bill of a leaden 
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