ACTING STATE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
27 
All underground insects are peculiarly difficult to combat, ls«, because the mischief 
done by them is generally discovered too late for any remedy to be applied, and 2 nd r 
because entomologists know less of the Natural History of this group of insects than 
of that of almost any other group, owing to their being so secluded from observation 
and experiment within the bowels of the earth. In the ease of this Grape-root Borer 
the only direct remedies that Science can at present indicate are, to dig up all the roots 
of vines known or suspected to be infested by it, destroying carefully all the larvae and 
cocoons found thereon, and to catch and destroy all the winged moths noticed 
round the vines, so as to check the farther multiplication of the species. There is a 
preventive remedy, however, which, in the event of this insect ever becoming unbearably 
numerous in Illinois, can be resorted to with the fullest confidence in its success. Both 
Dr. Kron and Mr. Krone have ascertained by long observation and experiment, that the 
Scuppernong grape-vine- which is a cultivated variety, according to Dr. Asa Gray, of 
the wild Southern Fox Grape (Vitis vulpina )-is entirely exempt from the operations of 
this Borer ; and the former gentleman has been successful m grafting both the Euiopean 
Grape (Vitis vinifera) and many of our cultivated North American varieties upon 
Scuppernong stocks, and has found that he thereby entirely escapes the ravages of the 
Borer. I do not find that this Southern variety of grape has hitherto ever been grown 
in Illinois ; but there can be little doubt that it would stand the climate, at all events o 
Southern Illinois, as a stock ; and, if the worst comes to the worst, rather than give up 
growing grapes, we shall have to fall back, as our last resource, upon Scuppernong an 
Southern Fox Grape stocks for all our cultivated varieties of the grape. 
Since the above was written, Mr. Geo. Ilusmann, the Missouri King of the Grapes, 
has obligingly informed me that he “ has had the Scuppernong on his grounds at Her¬ 
mann Missouri,” which lies over 100 miles to the north of the latitude of Cairo, Illinois, 
“for 15 years; that it has fruited there several times, but that the fruit is entirely 
worthless.” He adds further that this Grape-root Borer “ has been familiar to him for 
the last 15 or 20 years, and that it now and then destroys a vine in the vineyards m his 
vicinity, but does not seem to increase. 1 
INSECTS INFESTING THE APPLE. — On the Fruit. 
CHAPTER V. — The Apple-worm or Codling-worm Moth. ( Carpocapm pomonella , 
Linnaeus.) 
Both Harris and Pitch seem to doubt the fact of there being two distinct broods of 
this insect every year, the oue generated by the other, although Kollar and o ter 
European writers assert that it is so in Europe. Possibly Harris & Pitch may be rig i , 
as regards the more northern latitudes in the United States ; but in the latitude of Rock 
Island, Illinois (41°, 30') I am satisfied that there really are two distinct broods, foi t m 
following reasons : — ., . . , , 
1st. On July 18th and 21st, I cut into 70 windfall apples bored by this insect, and 
a waste of time which can he better employed in exact observations. What we want for the sake of 
knowledge is stability and uniformity of nomenclature, not an upsetting ol it by the substitut' ^ 
forgotten and very doubtful names, published in works without, or with but little, scientific merit. 
Stainton’s Ent. Ann., 1860, pp. 121 — 2. 
