1905. 
59 
ANNUAL MEETING OF THE NEW 
YORK STATE FRUITGROWERS' 
ASSOCIATION. 
The fourth annual session of the New York 
State Fruit Growers was held at Geneva. N. 
Y.. January 10-11. There was a large attend¬ 
ance. the Opera House being well filled at 
every session. Among the visitors from out¬ 
side the State were Prof. L. R. Taft, Agricul¬ 
tural College of Michigan; A. McNeill. Chief 
of Fruit Division. Department of Agricul¬ 
ture. Ottawa, Can., and Gabriel lleister, Penn¬ 
sylvania. These visitors all addressed the 
convention and added much to the interest by 
an interchange of greetings from similar or¬ 
ganizations in neighboring States and Prov¬ 
inces. The display of fruits was about the 
same in extent as last year, but was of a 
higher grade, those shown by the State Ex¬ 
periment Station being of better size and 
shewing it much higher color and finish. The 
Station showed 22." varieties of apples, 16 of 
pears, 55 of grapes and four of quinces. The 
grapes were in a good state of preservation 
for the season. There were a number of 
seedlings originated by Prof. Beach at the 
Station, which give promise of merit. A va¬ 
riety of apples was shown which was orig¬ 
inated by crossing Ben Davis with Wagener. 
The best individual exhibit was by M. F. 
Pierson. Seneca Castle, N. Y.. who showed 
about 100 varieties. Ilis fruit was all well 
grown and highly colored, and very tastefully 
arranged on the tables. Prof. Parrott, ento¬ 
mologist at the Experiment Station, had a 
display of 24 pyramids of apples, built upon 
the floor, showing the actual results of fight¬ 
ing San .Tost* scale and apple scab. There 
were probably more than 100 bushels of apples 
shown in this one object lesson. This exhibit, 
taken in connection with Prof. Parrott's ad¬ 
dress at Opera House, formed a strong edu¬ 
cational feature of the meeting, and was 
closely studied by many of those in attend¬ 
ance. Prof. Parrott also had a collection of 
small limbs of apple, pear, peach and currant 
infested with scale and illustrations of the 
scale in all its forms greatly enlarged. Prof. 
Stewart had an educational exhibit consisting 
of the product of three rows of potatoes. The 
first, not sprayed, yielded at the rate of 
1 til bushels per acre; the second, sprayed 
three times, gave a yield of 350 bushels; the 
third, sprayed five times, gave 380 bushels. 
Prof. Stewart nlso had two powerful micro¬ 
scopes with which he showed the growing 
spores of the different forms of fungi which 
cause tho rot of the potato, plum, apple and 
other fruits. The display of spraying ma¬ 
chines was large, and varied from the small 
knapsack to the powerful gasoline engine. 
There seemed to be but little improvement in 
pumps or nozzles over last year's patterns. 
An air-cooled gasoline engine shown for the 
first time at these meetings seemed to be of 
simple construction, and was low in price. 
'I he machine, which uses carbonic acid gas for 
power, seemed to have made many friends 
during the year. 
The session at the Opera House opened 
with an address of welcome by (’. L. Seoon, 
of Geneva, and a reply by John T. Roberts, of 
Syracuse. Mr. Roberts dwelt on the different 
branches of the fruit industry which center 
in Geneva. The large fruit farms, the can¬ 
neries, the extensive nursery business, and 
lastly, the experiment station, with its thou¬ 
sands of varieties of fruit, all tend to make 
the very air of the place sympathetic with 
our profession. He compared • the apple crop 
of New York State for 1004 to the pyramid 
of Egypt, which was 400 years in building. 
The climate of New York combined with New 
York energy and enterprise, had produced in 
one year apples enough to make a pyramid 
larger than that of Egypt. President Wil¬ 
son's address gave a survey of the fruit crop 
for tiie year past; touched the labor problem, 
tlie scarcity of help; suggested more storage 
houses for apple and pears, so tho sorting, 
packing and marketing could lie done more 
leisurely and with cheaper help. lie said 
t ho crop reports had proved reliable, and 
were the means of forcing the buyers to pay 
reasonable prices for apples; $100,000 was a 
conservative estimate of the value of these 
reports to the New York State farmers. The 
amount saved to Hie members by the co¬ 
operative buying of fertilizers and spraying 
chemicals was several thousands of dollars, 
lie called attention to the influence this As¬ 
sociation exerted in securing the appropria¬ 
tion of $250,000 for agricultural buildings at 
Cornell and for securing the defeat of the 
Gatlin hill, which was intended to cripple 
our Experiment Station, lie believed that the 
influence of the society should be used for a 
parcels post, and to introduce the teaching 
of agriculture in our secondary schools. 
The report of the secretary showed that 
there have been since tho organization of the 
Association 1,197 different members, but not 
all have kept their dues paid up: $945 has 
been received during the year from members. 
The report of the executive committee gave 
the volume of business done in fertilizers and 
spraying chemicals, as follows: 1,135*4 tons 
of fertilizer; 1,139 pounds white arsenic; 
(553 pounds Paris-green; 1,725 pounds sal 
soda: 2.665 pounds copper sulphate: 24,850 
pounds sulphur: 1,685 pounds arsenate of 
lead. A very careful estimate shows a sav¬ 
ing of over $5,000 on fertilizers, and $2,500 
on spraying chemicals. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
•• 
The principal addresses were by Prof. S. 
A. Beach, on “What Constitutes a Variety;” 
Prof. Taft, of Michigan, on “Commercial 
Apple Growing:” Miss Anna Barrows, of 
Boston, on “Fruits in Cooking." and Mr. Mc¬ 
Neill, on “The Trend of Modern Fruit Grow¬ 
ing." Prof. Beach's paper was of value to 
the student of pomology, but of little interest 
to the ordinary fruit grower. Prof. Taft's 
address was along the lines usually pur¬ 
sued by most up-to-date apple growers, cover¬ 
ing the points of varieties of soil and location 
of orchard, selection of trees and varieties; 
the treatment of trees while young, pruning, 
spraying, fertilizing and tillage, the use of 
cover crops and mulch. Miss Barrows occu¬ 
pied most of the evening session and though 
her large audience was mostly composed of 
men, who are not supposed to be specially 
interested in her topic (at least until it 
comes to the finished product), she presented 
the subject in such a pleasing manner as to 
win and hold the attention and interest of 
everyone to the end. She explained the work 
of the schools of domestic science in cooking, 
needlework, studies of bacteria and sanitary 
science, and showed how cooking and hor¬ 
ticulture can help each other. She said that 
women are learning to choose food on its 
merits, and not by the appearance of the 
package or by size and attractive appearance 
alone. She said that it was a mistaken idea 
that meats are so essential to hard-working 
people, experiments having shown that fruits 
and vegetables can take the place of meats to 
a great extent and are more healthful. She 
gave many useful hints as to the use of fruits 
in the preparation of food. She also sug¬ 
gested that it would be well if the growers 
and shippers of fruits would give instruction 
to consumers how to prepare and use fruits 
in combination with other foods, as do the 
various cereal companies. Dr. Jordan, from 
his usual accurate knowledge, emphasized 
some of tlie strong points in this address. 
Mr. McNeill, Ottawa, Gan., brought greeting 
from a sister organization across the border, 
and congratulated us on being leaders in the 
movement to devote these State meetings to 
tlie business end of fruit growing, discussing 
tlie problems of storing, packing, transporta¬ 
tion and selling, leaving tlie discussion of the 
details of production to the smaller gather¬ 
ings, like farmers' clubs and institutes. They 
hold in Canada 125 Winter meetings and 50 
Summer orchard meetings for this purpose, 
and expect the attendance of tlie experts only 
at their annual gathering, which corresponds 
to our State meeting. Commercial apple 
growing is moving northward in Canada.. A 
large proportion of the million bearing trees 
in tlie 10 counties bordering on Lake On¬ 
tario are being cut down, and the young or¬ 
chards are being planted in northern Canada. 
The apples grown in tlie North will keep with¬ 
out cold storage, while those grown near the 
lake will not. 
Six students of the class in pomology at Cor¬ 
nell University entered into a contest for a 
prize in judging apples by score card. Prof. 
Taft, of Michigan, scored tlie fruit first. The 
winner of tin* first prize, Mr. Loop, of North 
East, Pa., varied less than one per cent from 
Prof. Taft's score. A pleasant feature of 
tlie last session was au attempt to add 10 
names to the list of life memliers at $25 
each. Tlie executive committee felt the need 
of about that amount of money to allow them 
to do tlie work of the year unhampered by 
debt. Mr. Dawley took the matter in hand 
and with skill equal to that of Chaplain Mc¬ 
Cabe, in a few moments secured 15 life 
members. The officers of the previous year 
were ail re-elected, and I.oekport chosen as 
the next place of meeting. 
E. C. (ill.r.ETT. 
WE WANT TO KNOW. 
Coai, Tak for Paint. —Our cemetery fence 
was painted three years ago with lead and oil 
paint, but shows rust. One who thinks he 
knows says brush the fence over with coal tar, 
tlie tar to be kept warm enough so it will 
spread. Will the Ruralites tell what they 
know about it. or if they know nothing then 
say what they think? i. N. 
Danby, Vt. 
Lighting Farm Buildings.—I want the 
experience of readers on lighting farm build¬ 
ings. Will some one give experience with 
gasoline or acetylene gas? w. s. s. 
Nashua, N. II. 
Effect of Stock. —I think the blush on 
tlie Greening (page 34 j is not caused by the 
effect of the Baldwin stock, but is probably 
caused by the mixture of pollen from the 
Baldwin. Even this, however, occurs very 
seldom, only once in a long time. Since it 
does occasionally happen, why can we not find 
out how it happens, then use this knowledge 
and cause it to happen? i have known a 
Golden Sweet to be crossed by a Golden Rut- 
set and the apples to lie partly russet in dis¬ 
tinct lines. This never happened again on 
this tree. The seed of the cross should be 
planted by all means, and see what we get 
from it. I have seen that Colorado Seedless 
apple and consider it of no value. It is too 
small and of poor quality and color. 
Missouri. L. A. GOODMAN. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
It. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal." See guarantee, page 14, 
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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
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P A f- r AY> bother with C. O. D. 
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Wholesale Dealers in Domestic Fruits 
and General Merchandise. 
ST. CATHARINES, ONT. 
October 4, 1904. 
Niagara Sprayer Co., 
Middieport, N. Y. 
Gentlemen:—In reference to the Niagara Gas 
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