tons. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
99 
KEEPING RABBITS FROM TREES. 
On page 861 an inquirer wants to know 
of a wash that will “keep rabbits off and 
not hurt the trees.” The following is good 
for one Winter unless trees are as small 
as one’s little finger. When very small 
a rabbit may bite a limb off, but never 
gnaws it. The wash is simply one pound 
of dissolved copperas in a bucketful of 
whitewash. It should be thinned out to 
prevent scaling off, and is easily applied 
with a whitewash brush. Better yet is the 
plan of putting on wooden veneer protec¬ 
tors in the Fall, tying at top and middle 
with short sections of No. 22 wire. The 
wrappers should be put on so that they 
will be somewhat cone shaped, nearly 
or quite touching the bark at the top. 
This will prevent the wires from slipping 
to the bottom when the wood shrinks. 
There is not enough chafing to do any 
damage, and the wires will break if the tree 
outgrows them. These protectors may be 
bought at the factory for about $3 per 
1 , 000 , and when trees are small each pro¬ 
tector may be slit lengthwise, thus making 
two of one. But best of all is probably 
a fine mesh screen wire, for this lets 
more sunlight to the tree, and when set 
down a couple of inches in the ground it 
protects against borers and mice as well 
as rabbits. Of course the first cost is con¬ 
siderable, but this as far as I know is the 
only objection. I have tried many washes; 
have used even axle grease. This protects 
against rabbits, but although I may not 
have killed any trees by the application 
yet I think it injures them, and I would 
not advise the use of axle grease on valua¬ 
ble trees. b. buckman. 
Illinois._ 
PRODUCTS , PRICES AND TRADE. 
Petroleum Prices.—O il for export has 
dropped again, and now stands at 7 % cents 
per gallon. Local domestic wholesale prices 
now run from 10 to 13 cents, according to 
quantity. 
Ax Indiscriminate Market. —A large alll 
gator which recently died at a zoological gat- 
den in tliis country is said to have had the 
following interesting collection in his digestive 
economy ' A door knob ; an iron bootjack . a 
chunk of meteoric ore; a pair of scissors; 
nine rubber combs; three pairs of spectacles; 
a section of an iron garden rake; and a fish¬ 
hook four inches long. 
Bad Market Weather. —The past two 
weeks have been very hard for produce deal 
ers. Trains were so delayed that no on 
knew just when stuff would arrive, and the 
streets so blocked with snow that trucking 
was about impossible. With the exception 
of a few streets leading to the ferries the city 
authorities let the market section wallow 
about in the snow until many other streets 
are attended to. The losses from these delays, 
and the frost damage that always comes with 
zero weather, will fall heavily on the ship¬ 
pers. As has often been said before, con¬ 
sidering the great number of people to be fed 
here, the market facilities are very crude and 
crowded, even when the streets are passable. 
Rye Straw. —“What is the straw that 
brings the high figures given in market quo 
tations, and where can such prices ($1 or 
more per 100 pounds) be had?” 
Indiana. reader. 
Prime rye straw to sell for the highest 
prices for horse bedding must be of good 
length (3% feet or over) in well bound bun¬ 
dles, straight and neatly pressed in large 
bales. The small “perpetual” bales break it 
up too much. Straw that is at all tangled 
or has been weatherbeaten will be very much 
discounted, also that in which the bales or 
bundles are stuffed with chaff or broken stuff 
Most of the modern thrashers turn out straw 
in good condition, if properly handled, al¬ 
though for bedding purposes none Is quite 
equal to the flail-thrashed product. A field 
of rye that is much lodged or tangled cannot 
be cut so as to make first-class bedding. The 
proportion offered that is near the top notch 
is comparatively small, which accounts for 
the high price. 
The Beef Trust. —Now that the Supreme 
Court has decided that there is such a thing 
the “common people” are interested in know¬ 
ing what is going to be done about it. The 
court’s decision is a technical recognition by 
that body of a fact long clear to outsiders. 
In the pressure put on producers and con¬ 
sumers by these middlemen they felt the grip 
of a real trust, even though they could not 
identify all of its bones and muscles. The 
chief value of this decision would seem to 
be the fact that it establishes the right of the 
Government to look into and have something 
to say about matters hitherto considered out 
of its reach. Probably no one believes that 
it will have any direct effect on the price of 
beef, the packers, their actions or profits, but 
the decision is not to be belittled, for it is a 
step in advance, showing that those in author- 
ty see danger in permitting an agreed body of 
men to control the food products of a nation. 
Such control without restraint would easily 
lead to double the present prices. It would 
be a case of pay what we ask or go without, 
and the meat eating habit is so fixed that 
many will take the meat and deny themselves 
of other things. 
Touqii Eggs. —A reputable dealer called me 
into his store to look at a trial shipment of 
three cases of eggs just received, which the 
letter of advice referred to as prime. He 
expected trouble with the shipper when re¬ 
turns were made, and wished witnesses to 
whom he could refer as to the quality. The 
eggs were preserved, and had been kept in 
pickle until partly cooked. They must have 
been stale when put away. A large number 
had black chunks inside as big as a hickory 
nut, and every one opened was musty and 
vile smelling. The egg dealer at once sent 
word that the trial lot was not satisfactory 
and that he did not want any more. Quite 
likely the shipper did not know how bad they 
were, if he did it was a mistake to think 
that they would pass here. The system of 
egg inspection in any large market is so 
thorough that the least defect is noted. When 
candled by electric light any irregularities in 
the interior are nearly as visible as when 
the shell is removed. In a dark room the 
electric light bulb is dropped into a tin chim¬ 
ney having a hole the size of a half dollar on 
a level with the light. When the egg is 
held in this opening its character is visible 
in less than a second, no matter how thick 
the shell. Eggs like the lot referred to sell 
for about one dollar per 30-dozen case. Some 
are used in leather manufacture and others 
find their way into East Side cookery. 
_ w. w. H. 
CLEANING BUSH LAND. 
In many places in New Jersey there are 
Italians who clean scrub oak land on con¬ 
tract for about $30 per acre. That is the 
best and cheapest plan, but you must 
watch and see that no stumps are buried 
in the deeper holes. I have tried the 
stump-puller, but it did not work well; 
it was too heavy to move, and it took 
four men to work it. I want to tell 
R. N.-Y. readers about one of the best 
and most labor-saving contrivances for 
working out stumps. I call it a “stump- 
twister”; see diagram. First make a 
times as heavy. Get a good stout pole 
20 to 25 feet long. About two feet from 
the large end of pole fasten the hook in 
the manner of a cant hook, and hitch a 
team to the end of lever. The stump 
is easily twisted out. If there is any 
trouble at the start cut one or two of 
the larger roots. Always try to twist 
stumps soon after a rain; it is then so 
much easier work. In using this twister 
there are no tools to carry; team pulls 
pole to next stump. Two men pull 30 
stumps a day easily. This twister was 
first described by a Mr. Mullikin, of 
Franklin, Ind. K. w. ostrom. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Woi.f River Apple. —I fear the reports 
of Wolf Itiver apple may lead some to set 
trees of this variety who would not do so if 
they better understood just what its quality 
is. ' 1 have fruited the apple, and can fully 
endorse all that is said as to its size, beauty, 
etc., and will add another point in its favor ; 
it will hang to the tree in a hard wind better 
than any other large apple I ever grew. 
But when it comes to quality as a cooking 
apple it is fair to good, yet to eat out of 
hand one must indeed be hungry for apples 
to care for Wolf River. Possibly better than 
Ben Davis, but who %vants an apple to eat 
that is not a great deal better? Why don’t 
we ever hear of the American Beauty, one 
of the highest quality apples grown? An 
abundant bearer, a long keeper, and when 
well grown large and handsome. 
Massachusetts. e. d. gibson. 
The Rogers Grapes. —On page 18 I note 
an inquiry about the “Rogers Grapes.” I 
see you state that No. 2 is Massasoit. I 
think it No. 3 that was given that name. 
No. 2 is a very large red grape, vinous and 
of high quality. I think it never was 
named and it is my understanding that many 
varieties were sent out under a number 
only, as Nos. 2, 5, 8. 11. 13. 24. 30, 32. 33, 
34 ‘and 36, and perhaps others. I suppose 
No. 39 to be Amina instead of No. 33 as 
stated in article. It, Herbert and Goethe are 
among the best of them, aitnougli some under 
numbers are excellent grapes in every way. 
I have, or have had, 21 of Mr. Rogers’s 
varieties and I have always considered them 
as a remarkable lot of grapes. I have a 
long letter from Mr. Rogers received many 
years ago, regarding his varieties, but will 
not now take time to find it. 
Illinois. B. BUCKMAN. 
MILLIONS 
FOR THE FARMER 
8imply soak seeds, before planting, In water 
containing 
NITRO-CULTURE 
Nitro-Cultore is a harmless natural plant-food 
gathering germ. It doubles the crop—enriches the 
land—makes poor farms productive. 
PRICE LIST 
Nitro-Culture, sufficient to inoculate the following 
seeds per acre, mailed to any audress in the United 
States or Canada at the following prices: 
Alfalfa.per acre, $2.00 
Red Clover. *- “ 2.00 
Crimson Clover. “ “ 2.00 
Japan Clover. “ “ 2.00 
Cow Peas. ,4 “ 2.00 
Garden Peas. }4 acre, 1.00 
Sweet. Peas.Rj acre, 1 00 
Wax Peas.per acre, 2.00 
Soy Beans. “ “ 2.00 
String Beans.“ “ 2 00 
Vetch.“ " 2 00 
Velvet Beans.“ “ 2.00 
Peanuts.“ “ 2.00 
Horse Beans.“ “ 2,00 
Lima Beans.“ 2.U0 
Guaranteed to keep six months from date of ship¬ 
ment and can be used within that time. Catalogue 
of seeds, also fuller description of Nitro-Culture 
mailed free. 
STUMPP& WALTER CO., SO Barclay St., N. Y. 
Telephones for Farmers 
Five year guarantee, thirty days trial. 
Send postal for prices. 
Standard Telephone & Electric Company 
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 
EST FRUIT PAPER 
for 3 month*. Stamps or silver. 
NATIONAL FRUIT GROWER, 
St. Joseph, Michigan. 
TREES 
300,000 Apple*, 
73,000 Cherries, 
100,000 Std. Pears, 
30,000 Dwarf Pears, 
40,000 Plums. 
50,000 Quinces, 100,000 Blackberry, 
100,000 Currants, 150,100 Raspberry, 
10O,0C0 Gooseberry, 8 acres Strawberries, 
One-half Million Grapes. 
Shade Trees, Shrubs. Roses, Ornamentals. The 
Department of Agriculture of New York will tell you 
San Jose Scale has never been found in this part of 
the State. Send to-day for our Fuse Catalog quot¬ 
ing Wholesale prices to planters. Free to everybody. 
Sheerin'* Wholesale Nurseries,Dansville,N.Y. 
RUBY RASPBERRY 
A new berry of great promise; has been grown six 
years, and to-day Is ahead of all others for profit to 
growers. We have a nice lot of well-rooted plants. 
Send for circular and price list. 
C. G. VKLIE & SON, Marlborough, N. Y. 
Valley View Fruit Farm. 
JAPAN WALNUT, 
Ornamental, Shade and Nut Trees. 
Fruits at 2 years, 7 by mail $1.00. 
STAYMAN’S WINESAP » longkeeperfWoOper 100. 
Send for descriptive price list. 
JOHN S. BARNHART, Denton, Maryland 
HOYTS NURSERIES 
have a reputation for First-Class Stock 
and Fair Dealing extending over half a 
century and maintained by three genera¬ 
tions. We have more than 500 acres—the 
largest nursery in New England. A full 
assortment of Fruit Trees, Shade Trees, 
Plants, Vines and Ornamentals. 
No order too large or none too small to receive 
personal attention. Write us about your needs 
for spring planting—Advice in selections and 
Catalogue—Free. 
STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS CO., 
New Canaan, Conn. 
ouys mis Large nanasome mcKei 
Trimmed Steel Range 
without warming closet or 
reservoir. With high warm¬ 
ing closet, porcelain lined 
reservoir, just as shown in 
cut, 813.95; large, roomy oven, 
six cooking holes,body made 
of cold rolled steel. Duplex 
grate; burns wood or coal. 
Handsome nickel trimmings, 
highly polished. 
OUR TERMS tut 
most liberal ever 
made. You can pay 
after you.recei ve the 
range. You can take 
it into yeur home, 
use it 30 days. If you don’t 
find it exactly ns represent¬ 
ed, the biggest bargain you 
ever saw, equal to stoves 
retailed for double our 
price, return It to us. We 
will pay freightbotli ways. 
CUT THIS AD OUT, send it to us and we will mail 
-! you our large stove catalogue. 
7f> styles to select from. Don’t buv until you get it. 
MARVIN SMITH CO. CHICAGO. ILL. 
THE NIAGARA GAS SPRAYER 
will handle 
LIME, SULPHUR, SALT 
to perfection. 
No Valves to Cut, 
No Packing to Wear, 
No Piston to Grind 
TITTERINGTON BROTHERS, 
Wholesale Dealers in Domestic Emits 
and General Merchandise. 
ST. CATHARINES, ONT. 
October 4, 1904. 
Niagara Sprayer Co.. 
Middleport, N. Y. 
Gentlemen:—In reference to the Niagara Gas 
Sprayer purchased of you last spring, 1 must say that 
1 am very well pleased with It. I used the Lime. Sul¬ 
phur and Salt Mixture and, thanks to the Sprayer, 
did one of the finest jobs of spraying •. ever saw done, 
almost completely killing out the scale on a very 
badly infected plum orchard. Yours respectfully, 
JAMES TITTERING I ON. 
A postal with your name and address will bring 
our catalogue. 
NIAGARA SPRAYER CO., 
39-41 Perry Street, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Rippley’s Sprayers 
Fine Brass Pumps. Guaranteed strongest and 
best 4 and 6 gal. Compressed Air Sprayers on 
market. Spray 25 ft. trees, potatoes, vines, etc. 
Tested f>0 lbs. pressure, 2safety valves. In2sizes. 
4 or 5 Cal. Calv. $5. 4 Cal. Copper, $7. 
5 Gal. Copper, $8.00. 
Catalog of lostyles free. Mail orders direct. 
RIPPLEY HOW. CO., Mfrs., Box 223, Grafton, III. 
Henry P. Mitchell Co., Phil*. Pa., Kastern A?ente. 
DON’T BUY 
Trees until 
you see our 
1905 Cata’og of 62 pages, describing in de¬ 
tail 528 varieties of Fruits, Ornamentals 
and Roses. It’s FREE. Write to-day to 
QUAKER HILL NURSERY 
R. F. I). No. 6. Newark, New York 
Strawberry Plants 
We have been growing and selling plants in this 
town 33 years, and are now offering i)li varieties 
which are described in our 19llo catalogue. Our 
plants were never finer. You will also get other in- 
tormaiion that Is not obtainable elsewhere—a dis¬ 
cussion of “The l’edigree Question” by 20 
experienced growers, pro and con. Send postal for it. 
M. CRAWFORD CO., Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio 
MY PLANT CATALOGUE FREE. 
KEVITT’8 PLANT FARM, Athenia, N. J. 
Rft VARIFTI ^ STRAWBERRY PLANTS $ 2.00 and up 
iHillEI LO per 1,000. Send postal to-day foi 1905 
Catalogue of Fruit. H. W. HENRY, LA PORTE, INDIANA. 
I nnn nnn asparagus RooTs-The 
yUUUyUUU Most Profitable Crop grown. 
Seven of the best varieties described in our 100-page 
Catalogue. ItisFRKE to those who meutiou Rural 
New-Yorker. MOORE & SIMON, 
Seed Growers, Philadelphia, Pa. 
50,000 PINEAPPLE STRAWBERRY°ver°y 
profitable. Fine catalog. W. N, Hcurff, New Curlisle.O. 
Ult CATALOGUE quotes Lowest Prices on good 
plants, and the best berry crates and qt. baskets 
made. H. H. AULTFATHEU, Minerva, Ohio. 
FRUIT & ORNAMENTAL TREES. 
SHRUBS, VINES & ROSES, 
All the best and hardiest varieties. Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue FREE 
on request. - T. J. DWYER & CO., Box 1, Cornwall, New York. 
NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY 
FRUIT TREES and SMALL FRUIT PLANTS 
We offer 50,004) heavy grade Peach; large stock commercial sorts Apple, Nut Trees, Chestnut Scions, etc. 
Get our Planters’ Price List before placing order. Catalog free. 
THE PATTERSON NURSERY CO., Stewartstown, Pa. 
How To Make Big Profits in Fruit Growing 
Our new free Illustrated catalogue tells you how to plant and take care of an orchard and how to grow 
small fruits, with valuable pointers about suitable soil, varieties, sizes, distances to plant, pruning, culti¬ 
vating, fertilizing, fighting Insect and fungous enemies, etc. Write for It at once to 
BARNES BROTHERS NURSERY CO., Box 8, Yalesville, Conn. 
NEW APPLES 
G-randL IDvilto Constantino 
and Winter Banana 
The beauty, large size, productiveness and quality of these varieties are engaging the attention 
of some of our largest growers. Get our free catalog with plates describing them. All the other standard 
reliable kinds. 
B ox 122 XT. S. Wiley cfc Son Cayuga, 3NT. Y. 
200,000 APPLE TREES, 
6 to 7 ft. 11 cts. each, 5 to 6 ft. 9 cts., 4 to 5 ft. 7cts., 3 to 4 ft. 5 cts.. 2 to 3 ft., 
,uu9 ni i ll iiillu, one year old. 4 cts. 5,000 Japan Plum Trees, one year old, 4 to 5 ft 20 
cts. each, 3 to 4 ft. 15 cts.,2 to 3 ft. 10 cts. 5.000 KiufTer Pear, one year old. $5 to $12 per 100; also a full 
assortment of Peach Trees and other fruits, at low prices. Everything young, thrifty and well grown, free 
from Scale, Crown Gall, or disease of any kind. The opportunity of a lifetime to secure an orchard at low 
cost: boxing and packing free: present prices good for only 90 days. Write at once for descriptive catalogue 
and Special Prices ou Apple, Pear and Plum Trees. The Riverside Nursery Co., Confluence, Henna. 
