1905. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
i4i 
ANOTHER POWER SPRAYER. 
The picture on page 139, Fig. 59, show9 
a machine used by J. H. Teats & Sons, 
of Wayne Co., N. Y. The picture shows 
the rig complete as turned out ready to 
go to work. The price complete, ready to 
set on the wagon, is $ 2 5. It is claimed 
for it that “the engine runs and the sprayer 
sprays”; that the engine is fastened to 
the platform in a secure manner and is 
entirely enclosed, thus preventing contact 
with and damage by the spray. The engine 
is connected with a mixer which keeps 
the solution always properly mixed. The 
platform on which operators work ex¬ 
tends over entire length of wagon. 
_ J. e. c. 
STAND BY THE SILO. 
We are told that the success of the rich 
man depends not so much on his ability 
to make money as it does on his ability to 
save that which he makes. Now, does 
this not apply very closely to the farmer? 
A good many farmers make quite a sum 
of money, yet at the end of the year but 
very little remains, and much of this 
money-spending is accountable to the 
tendency of the American farmer for a 
“change.” The farmer reads of some one 
who has made money in some particular 
branch of farming (the branch for which 
that man is no doubt particularly 
adapted), or he runs up against some 
promoter with a scheme to make much 
money (for himself), and he hastens to 
throw up his present business, sacrificing 
much on his equipment, and spending a 
considerable sum to start in the new 
venture, which is very liable to be worse 
than the first. We have an illustration 
of this being worked out at present in our 
own town. The agricultural press and 
the farmers’ institutes, etc., have been lab¬ 
oring for years to induce the farmers to 
build silos, and now the great majority 
of them have done so. This section is in 
the zone of the milk shipping stations, 
and while New York milk dealers have 
stations at nearly every depot, still the 
farmers, at a cost of several thousand dol¬ 
lars each, have built stations of their own, 
intentionally to break the milk trust, but 
really in most cases to avail themselves of 
the opportunity to sell to some “fake” 
concern that cheats them out of their milk. 
Those who have produced and sold their 
milk in a rational business way, that is, 
produced it at the least cost and sold it 
to reliable dealers at fair prices, have 
steadily prospered; but those who have 
jumped to buy all kinds of fake cow foods, 
the waste product of various mills and 
factories, things that ought to go to the 
compost heap, and have neglected their 
cornfields, and those who have discovered 
that their pet “trust buster” is also a 
farmer buster, are looking for new fields 
in which to sow what little they have 
already saved. 
A nearby town got the “boom” fever 
a few years ago, and they have been sell¬ 
ing building lots and inducing manufac¬ 
turing concerns to locate with them at a 
great rate. The manufacturer usually 
stays about six months, but cases have 
been known of their lasting a year or two. 
The latest one to strike the town is a 
milk-bottling works. The milk must be 
produced without silage or any fermented 
food, and must be cooled to 40 degrees 
and must contain at least four per cent of 
butter fat. This means that the farmers 
who are now furnishing three per cent 
milk from their black and white cows 
must change their breed of cattle, and that 
they must also abandon their new silos 
and milk-shipping stations. The men in 
town who wish to sell building lots along¬ 
side the bottling works tell the farmers 
that silage is a delusion, and that they can 
produce better and cheaper milk without 
it, and of course a hotel-keeper or a bank 
cashier knows more about dairying than 
the president of an agricultural college, so 
the farmers conclude that the silo venture 
was a mistake, and hope that when they 
feed their skim-milk cows on high-priced 
mill feed that they will give four per cent 
milk, and gaily sign the contract with the 
bottling man. When this last change was 
proposed, I began to look up this question 
of the cheap production of milk, and I ran 
against Bulletin No. 155 of the Ohio Agri¬ 
cultural Experiment Station on "Silage 
vs. Grain for Dairy Cows.” Ten cows, 
representing five different breeds, were 
fed these rations from two to four months. 
The cows fed the silage ration produced 
96.7 pounds of milk and 5.08 pounds of 
butter fat per hundred pounds of dry 
matter. The cows fed the grain ration 
produced 81.3 pounds of milk and 3.9 
pounds of fat per hundred pounds of 
dry matter. The cost of feed per hun¬ 
dred pounds of milk was $0,687 with the 
silage ration and $1,055 with the grain 
ration. The cost of feed per pound of 
butter fat was 13.1 cents with the silage 
ration and 22.1 cents with the grain 
ration, t he average net profit per cow 
per month (over cost of feed) was $5,865 
with the silage ration and $2,465 with the 
grain ration. Milk from silage-fed cows 
has brought $1.57 per 100 at the shipping 
station this Winter, and from the above 
figures we can readily see that milk from 
grain-fed cows ouj^it to bring $2.38 to 
render the farmer the same net profit. 
New York. j. grant morse. 
USE OF PERUVIAN GUANO. 
Several Readers .—What Is Peruvian guano? 
Is it a complete fertilizer? 
Ans. —Peruvian guano is bird manure 
mixed with dead bodies of birds. It is 
found on islands off the coast of South 
America. The most valuable deposits 
are those found on islands where little rain 
falls. In these places the guano dries, re¬ 
taining the nitrogen and potash. This 
dried guano is dug up and ground into a 
fine powder. Every farmer knows that 
hen manure is a better fertilizer, pound 
for pound, than any other manure on the 
farm. A small handful of hen manure in 
a hill of corn will often give a better yield 
than a forkful of horse manure. Why is 
this? The hen manure is more concen¬ 
trated and contains the liquids thoroughly 
mixed with the solids. Horse manure con¬ 
tains a large amount of straw or other 
bedding, and a good share of the liquids 
have escaped from it. These liquids con¬ 
tain nearly all of the soluble part of the 
plant food. Hens and other birds void 
the liquids and solids together, so that 
when the manure is well kept it loses lit¬ 
tle, if any, of its value. Now a good sam¬ 
ple of Peruvian guano is worth six times 
or more as much as average hen manure. 
This difference is caused by the difference 
in food. The hen feeds mostly on grain 
and vegetable substances, while the sea 
birds live mostly on fish. Anyone can see 
that there is a difference between digested 
grain and grass and digested fish. Years 
ago great quantities of guano were sent 
to this country and Europe, the price 
reaching $60 per ton or more. Most of the 
deposits were exhausted, and the increased 
use of other fertilizing materials, like 
tankage, ground fish, nitrate of soda and 
acid phosphate brought the price of guano 
down to a point where importations under 
the old system hardly paid. Now, with 
discoveries of new deposits and reworking 
of the old ones after some years of rest, 
guano of good quality is again being im¬ 
ported. It should be bought only on guar¬ 
anteed analysis, and valued chiefly for its 
nitrogen. It contains a fair analysis of 
phosphoric acid, but like hen manure, is 
low in potash. On heavy soils which are 
naturally rich in potash the guano can be 
used alone, but for lighter soils it will be 
best to use 200 pounds of muriate or sul¬ 
phate of potash with each ton of guano. 
When used intelligently either alone or 
combined with chemicals the guano is a 
useful fertilizer. 
How Kill the Rats f — For the past four 
months we have been overrun with rats, little 
rats, big rats, bigger rats, biggest rats. The 
cats catch them, the (log catches them, the 
boy traps them by the dozen, but they are 
here yet, and 1 don't see any prospect of get¬ 
ting rid of them. There is no house within 
one-quarter mile, and I have nothing at house 
or barn that I do not always have. I hear 
of others as badly troubled. Can anyone tell 
us what to do? Tf I use poison I shall kill 
dog and cats. Please help us If you can. 
One man used poison ; in two days five of his 
neighbors’ cats died from eating poisoned 
rats. e. u. a. 
Massachusetts. 
StsJ&JWtUCM€~f 
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TRADEMARK REGISTERED 
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THE STANDARD PAINT COMPANY 
SOLE MANUFACTURERS 
ioo WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK 
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used a trial order of 200 last year has purchased 800 more Grimm Spouts, 
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