26 o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
March 25, 
STOCK AND DAIRY NOTES. 
What Causes Moldy Silage ? 
I^ast Spring I purchased a farm on which 
was a silo 9 x 14 feet and 30 feet deep, 
sheathed with two thicknesses of boards and 
paper between, with corners cut off. I filled 
the silo early in September, the corn then 
being glazed, and I thought in perfect condi¬ 
tion. On opening the silo the last of Octo¬ 
ber the silage seemed in perfect condition. I 
had not x been feeding long when spots of 
white mold appeared about one foot from out¬ 
side, which now has developed into a blue 
mold. If the trouble is with the silo not 
being tight, why does the mold appear a foot 
from the edge, instead of directly at the 
edge? The strip of mold runs about one foot 
wide around the entire silo, the center and 
outside being in good condition. This being 
my first experience with silage I would like 
very much to know the cause and remedy 
that I might guard against it another year. 
I feed 32 bushels per day to my stock. As 
this mold appears I throw It out. Would it 
be injurious to feed to the stock ? 
Hartford Co., Conn. s. b. h. 
From your description I think there 
was not sufficient moisture in your silage 
to prevent this mold, which is similar to 
fire-fang in horse manure. Sometimes 
when corn has reached the stage you 
mention many of the lower leaves are 
dry, and sometimes even the stalk is not 
as full of moisture as it is earlier. Add 
a barrel of water per load to the silage, 
if possible, when filling, and tread the 
silage well. See that the outside is tight, 
and leave the center of silo a little higher 
than the outside. Formerly it was ad¬ 
vised to leave sides highest, but one finds 
that when settling the sides will fall 
away, leaving an air space between silo 
walls and silage. If you cannot use water 
while filling tread the silage down very 
tight and put two or three barrels of 
water on top at finish. We have seen 
moldy silage fed to cows without ap¬ 
parent injury, but would prefer to give 
it to dry cows and young stock. 
Ration for Milch Cows. 
I would like a balanced ration for milch 
cows, made from the following: Distillers’ 
grain, 36 per cent protein, 11 per cent fat, 
$28 per ton : bran, $24 ; cornmeal, $24 : rye 
and oats; corn silage with no ears, Timothy 
hay and straw. I would like to know the 
best and cheapest mixture from the above. 
Chateaugay, N. Y. h. b. s. 
A fairly good ration can be made from 
the following; 
Pro¬ 
tein. 
Carbo¬ 
hydrates. 
Fat. 
40 lbs. silage . 
5.(54 
.24 
10 lbs. Timothy hay.... 
. .30 
4.34 
.14 
5 lbs. distillers’ grains. 
.1.27 
1,26 
.50 
2 lbs. wheat, bran. 
. .25 
.81 
.06 
Total . 
12.05 
.94 
This contains an excess of fat, but this 
will help out the carbohydrates, and in 
our experience this excess fat derived 
from distiller’s grains is not injurious. 
Timothy hay is about the poorest hay 
that you could possibly feed to a dairy 
cow, containing only three per cent of 
digestible protein. Sell this grade of hay 
if you can, and use mixed hay^ If you 
can get cotton-seed meal reasonably a 
mixture of three pounds distillers’ grains, 
two pounds bran and two pounds cotton¬ 
seed meal with some roughage would 
make you a fine ration. 
Cows With Abnormal Appetite. 
Why do calves eat horses’ tails and wool? 
T have been caring for stock 30 years, and 
have never raised a calf before that ate such 
things until this Winter. What will cure 
them, and rid their stomachs of the hair? 
l ayette, Mich. i. m. g. 
When calves chew bones, boards and 
other foreign substances, it is a sign there 
is something lacking in their food, and 
this is usually mineral matter. Bran is 
one of the best foods to supply this want, 
and should be given freely to growing 
calves. Feed dry; that is, do not mix 
it with the milk. A little blood meal and 
oil meal are also good. Do not worry 
about the hair in the stomach, as nature 
will usually take care of this. Calves lick 
each other’s ears often after drinking. 
Have some little stanchion to put them in 
while drinking, and as soon as they have 
consumed the milk give a little dry grain. 
They can be let out in a few minutes 
and no after sucking. 
ANOTHER COW WITH MANGE. 
I read the item on page 128 concerning 
cow with mange. You say that there are 
four kinds of mange. I have a cow that had 
sore legs, looked like scratches on a horse, 
and as I had cured some very bad cases of 
scratches I thought I would take the cow 
and cure her. but it was not scratches that 
ailed her. The scabs on her hind legs were 
very thick and of a gluey substance, and 
took the hair when they came off. I used 
creolin for a time, and then I bathed them 
with kerosene, then put on the creolin again, 
but it was a tough job, but they are better 
now. Iler udder and teats are covered with a 
scale of much smaller sores, and the skin 
on the body in places is scaly. When she” 
is loose she licks and even bites herself, so 
that I have to keep her confined all the 
time, and use a card to do the scratching. 
On her neck the skin is thick, and the 
hair is rather woolly, and it seems as though 
the itching spots get larger. Can it be that 
this cow has mange of two or probably 
three kinds? It is surely something that is 
hard to cope with. In cold, cloudy weather 
it makes her shiver to bathe with creolin 
and water, and the flow of milk is short. 
What is Zenoleum. and how do you use the 
stuff, and does my cow need to be treated 
with something stronger? How would to¬ 
bacco water be for a cow? Will it make 
her sick to wash her all over with it if she 
does not lick herself? I. M. X. 
Brookton, N. Y. 
You say that you bought this cow and 
knew she was affected at the time you 
got her. In that case you are in a better 
position to get a history of the trouble 
than I am. You say that the cow is milk¬ 
ing and that places on her body are scaly 
and the hair comes with the crust, and that 
when she is loose she licks and rubs. 
This is one of the best descriptions of 
mange, and as this is the third time 
this question has come to me within 
a month I wish to say that people should 
be on their guard when getting young 
cattle in the Fall to see that they are not 
affected with this. In order that you 
and the other readers can be on the look¬ 
out for this trouble I will again make a 
few. remarks relating to mange. It is 
a parasitic disease of the skin, and many 
times called itch, scab, mites, mange, 
scabies or acariesis and barn itch. Mange 
is a disease of a local nature, due to a 
mite, which induces irritation and in¬ 
crustation on the surface of the body 
generally. It is always contagious, re¬ 
quiring for its development the trans¬ 
plantation of the parasites or their eggs 
from the diseased to the healthy animals. 
This disease is not very common among 
cattle in this country, while in some coun¬ 
tries it prevails as an epizootic. Poor 
hygiene appears to favor the extension of 
the disease, and it is claimed that weak-, 
ened cattle are more predisposed to har¬ 
bor the parasite than strong, healthy ones. 
It is also more prevalent in Winter than 
in Summer, and in the latter season some¬ 
times entirely disappears, but if calves are 
kept in a dark stable during the Summer 
season and have the disease the trouble 
is quite persistent, and this is one of the 
things that should not be overlooked if 
the disease gets into the stable; dry sun¬ 
light and warm weather have much to do 
with wiping out the trouble. 
Cattle have four kinds of itch, or 
mange: 1. Common, or Psoropic mange, 
caused by Psoroptes communis bovis, a 
mite which is very similar to the one 
which causes sheep scab. This disease 
may be confused with lousiness, ring¬ 
worm, or with an itching due to various 
known or unknown cases. Whenever 
mange is present the mites are present. 
They may be found by placing some of 
the scab on a piece of black or dark 
paper and heating this in the sun or near 
a stove; after a while the white mites 
may be seen crawling around. They are 
more distinctly seen with the aid of a 
magnifying glass. 2. Chorioptic mange, 
caused by Chorioptes symbiotes bovis, is 
found chiefly at the base of the tail. 3. 
Sarcoplic mange, caused by a mite, Sar- 
coptes scabiei, which bores galleries in 
the skin; is rare in cattle. 4. Demodectic 
mange is quite common in some parts of 
the country. It is caused by a parasite 
which lives in the hair follicles, produc¬ 
ing pimples, which render the hides of 
less value. Treatment for demodectic 
mange is difficult and as a rule scarcely 
practicable. Treatment for the most com¬ 
mon kinds, 1 and 2, are as follows: With 
large animals I have had good results 
with a mixture of kerosene and lard, but 
it must be remembered that the dry scabs 
must be all removed every time and the 
mixture applied every third day. If the 
disease gets on the young calves, where 
it thrives the best, it may be necessary 
to dip them in some sheep scab dip, such 
as tobacco water, kerosene emulsion, cre¬ 
olin or Zenoleum. Preparations of mer¬ 
cury or arsenic should never be used, as 
they may cause poisoning. Creolin and 
Zenoleum are coal-tar sheep dips; if you 
do not like the tobacco wash use some 
other; I have much faith in it. 
M. D. WILLIAMS, D. V. S. 
__ Miller 
%0&Manure 
and Pulverizer 
Mates fine and spreads evenly. Every¬ 
thing controlled from seat; start beater 
or feed, or both, change to thick or thin 
spreading, without stopping. The 
Only Low Down Spreader. 
Just right for use in cow barns and for 
driving under low sheds—easy to load. 
Right width to straddle corn rows. No 
waste or scattering in yard or on road, no 
freezing manure on box. Solid bottom, 
scraped clean every load. Automatic drag 
return. Double wheel drive, safety end-gate, 
strength to stand the rough driving ana the 
operating of machine. 
Send for Free Catalog M * It describes the 
modern spreader that has proven itself right. 
The Newark Machine Co., Newark, O. 
SAVE-THE-HORSE” Spavin Cure. 
Registered Trade Mark. 
Haverstraw. N. Y., Nov. 22, 1904. My colt had two bone spavins. “Save- 
the-Horse” cured lameness and took off the bunches. Used two bottles. 
DR. L. J. KIERNAN, Sec’y Haverstraw Driving Club. 
"Save-the-Horse” Permanently Cures Sp»rln 
Ringbon, (except low Rtogbone), Curb, ThofoughplB.SpllM, 
Shoe Boll, Wind Puff. Injured Tendons and all lamenefie* with- 
out Bear or los« of hair. Horse may work as usual. 
TROY CHEMICAL CO., Binghamton, N.Y. 
Pormerly Troy, N. Y. 
Per Bottle. With written 
Guarantee—as binding to pro¬ 
tect you as legal talent could 
make it. Send for copy and booklet. 
At l)rU0gi9ti and t>ealeri ot Ezprcespaid. 
/ 
$100 REWARD 
for any case of colic, curb, 
splints, contracted or knotted 
cords, recent shoe boils, splints 
or callous that cannot be per¬ 
manently and positively cured, 
if directions are followed, by 
TUTTLE’S 
ELIXIR. 
It relieves and cures Spavins, Ring Bone. Cockle Joints, 
Scratches, Crease Heel, Founder, Sore Backs and 
Shoulders, Bruises, Wire Cuts, Collarand Saddle Calls, 
Pneumonia, Distemper, Chafed Places, etc. Used and 
endorsed by Adams Express Co., Chicago Fire Department 
and others. Tuttle’s American Worm Powders never fail. 
Tuttle's Family Elixir stops the pains and aches of mankind 
instantly. Our 100-page book, "Veterinary Experience" free. 
Tuttle’s Elixir Co.. 30 Beverly St., Boston, Mass. 
Beware of all other Elixirs. Tuttle's is the only genuine 
Avoid all blisters; they are only temporary relief. 
Separators 
A Boon to 
Farmers’ Wives 
/c 
WILL R. 
SEND 
^Lbla 
BLATCHFORD’S 
CALF MEAL 
WILL RAISE YOUR CALVES WITHOUT MILK 
FOR SAMPLE. PRICES AN0 TESTIMONIALS 
.BLATCHFORD S CALF MEAL FACTORY 
WAUKEGAN, ILL. 
l\ 
.T MILK 
INI ALS A 
DRY 
Have you a bottle in the stable ? 
Pratts Distemper Cure. 
Made by Pratt Food Co., Phila. Over 30 years old. 
Fearless Horse Powers 
Two horse size guaranteed to produce 3 
\ to 4 actual horse power. Other sizes in 
proportion. Never injures a horse. Al- 
\ ways under control. Strong, safe, ©*sy for 
^ horios. Always ready. Two horvo size $100. 
Send for catalogue. 
Harder Mfg. Co. Box 11. Coblesklll. H.T. 
Why not save half the standing- 
lifting—washing? Make your dairy 
work twice as easy—twice as profit¬ 
able. Our friends call the Tubular I 
Cream Separator the “Easy Way.” I 
Try it. Catalog J-153 describes it. 
The Sharpies Co P. M. Sharpies 
Chicago, III, West Chester. Pa. 
KA DEXX 
Cream Extractor 
Means less labor, more and 
better butter, larger profits, be- 
cause it < 
Separates Clean. 
Has three times the separating 
power of other makes. Does 
not mix water with milk. 
Easier to clean and operate, 
ho waste. Durable. Anti-rust 
throughout. Results guaran¬ 
teed. Catalog free. Write to¬ 
day. We want good agents. 
KA DEH CREAM SEPARATOR COj 
3 o KaDexx Bldg. ROCHESTER, H.T. 
VICTORY FEED MILL. 
Oldest and Best Grinding Mill 
Made. Will crush and grind 
corn and cob and all kinds of 
grain, mixed or separate. 
Grinds faster, finer and with 
less power than other mills. 
Are built strong, well made of 
good material, and will last 
a lifetime. Small glee adapt* 
ed for wlndand tread power. 
Made in four siiees for 1.4, ft 
and 10 H. P. Free Catalogue* 
THOS. ROBEBTS, 
Box 93. Springfield, O. 
This Is the 
Quaker City 
Grinding Mill. 
For Corn atvd Cobs, Feed 
and Table Meal. 
Send for all mills advertised: 
Tm!«| keep the best and re- 
06*11 Oil I Nall turn all others. Built 
in 8 sizes. 1 <0 20 horse power. Ball bearing, 
easy running. FreigHt paid. Send for our 
38th Annual Catalogue. It’s free. 
T|i» A 11/ OAvnnL 87S7 Filbert8t., Philadelphia,Pa. 
I 116 A. H .OlldUD I/O. 47-40 Csnul St., Chicago, Ilia. 
THE 
SMITH 
Great Western Apron 
Manure Spreader 
CPPPHnC a kinds of manure, straw stack bottoms and commercial fertilizer regard- 
yrnLHUw less of their condition. Spreads as much In a day as 15 men can by hand. Spreads the 
largest load in 2 to 4 minutes. Makes the same amount of manure go three time* as far and 
produce better remits; makes all manure fine and immediately available for plant food. 
NCN-DIINPUADI E DAYC forms a hopper, holds all hard enunks in contact 
laUH OUnUnUDIaC flAiVC with beater until thoroughly pulverized. 
Plini CCC ADROM * s one con tinous apron, (not a apron) therefore always ready to 
tllULLvy Hi nUn load. You don’t have to drive a certain distance to pull it back 
into position after each load or wind it back by hand; it is a great advantage in making long hauls. 
TIJPPP | C JJ 0 OPADINO abou t our Endless Apron to break and cause trouble, 
I ntnt I *9 HU U LH n I n U it is always up out of the way of obstructions as it 
does not extend below axle. Spreads evenly from start to finish and cleans out perfectly clean, 
unnn AND EMI) HATE keeps manure away from beater while loading; pre- 
nuuu Mnu enu UH I C vents choking of beater and throwing out a bunch 
when starting and acts as wiud shield when spreading. It has a graduating lever and can be regulated 
while in motion to spread thick or thin, 3 to 25 loads per acre. 
I ft U T PDA ET because the load is nearly equally balanced on front and rear axles. 
LIUn I UrtHl I The team is as near the load as it can work. Front and rear axles are 
the samelcngih and wheels track; beater shaft runs in ball and socket bearings, therefore no friction. 
Beater is 23 inches in diameter, seat turn* over when loading. Machine turns in its own length. 
CIU n I I PITY T ll( ’ re are only two levers on our machine. One which raises the hood, 
OlllIrLIUll I locks it and throws the machine in gear at the same time. It can then 
be thrown in and out of gear without lowering the hood. One lever which changes 
feed to spread thick or thin, making it so simple tliata boy who can drive a team can handle it. 
CTDENDTU Akin niEDADII I TV is one of the most important points to be 
dinCHUIIl IIIIU UUiimDILII I considered in a manure spreader. TheGreat 
Western has a good, strong, durable wheel. Extra strong spoke and rim, heavy steel tires. Strong, well 
braced box with heavy oak sill. Oak tongue, hickory doubletrees, malleable castings, gears and 
sprockets all keyed on. Galvanized hood. Every partis made extra strong, regardlessof cost. Itis 
made for the man who wants the best; made In four sizes, 30, 50, 70 and 100 bushel capacity. 
CIIADANTEE sboul( i aay part break, wear out or get out of order within one year we 
UUHI1HI1 ICC replace free of charge. Send for free catalogue, showing latest improve¬ 
ments. It tells how to apply manure to secure best results. 
SMITH MANURE SPREADER CO. 
15 S. Clinton Street, _ CHICAGO, ILL. 
