1005. 
I 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
263 
Events of the Week. 
DOMESTIC.—By the provisions of a bill passed March 7 
by the New Jersey State Senate, no licenses will hereafter 
be granted to saloons located within 200 feet of armories 
and schoolhouses. The bill was passed by a vote to 13 to 0. 
. . . The plant of the American Cereal Company, Cedar 
Rapids, Iowa, comprising two entire blocks of brick and 
iron structures, was destroyed by lire March 8 , with the 
exception of a small group of cooper shops, storage and pack¬ 
ing rooms. The loss is estimated at nearly $1,590,000, with 
insurance estimated at nearly $ 1 , 000 , 000 . Two persons are 
known to have lost their lives in the fire. The cereal mill 
employs 800 men, and the loss will be a serious blow to the 
city. ... A vigorous criticism of the report of Commis¬ 
sioner of Corporations Garfield on the beef trust, together 
with an analysis of the report, is contained hr a statement 
made public March 9 by Representative Eben W. Martin, of 
South Dakota, the author of the House resolution under 
which the Garfield investigation was made. Mr. Martin says 
that the report is misleading, and that it “is-in the nature 
of a special pleading in defence of the business of the six 
large packing companies involved in the investigation.” lie 
points out that while Commissioner Garfield secured his 
information from “original sources,” the defence only of the 
packers is given, little space being devoted to the complaints 
of the stockmen, who were primarily responsible for the 
inquiry. Mr. M'artin contends that the document is full of 
inconsistencies, in that the summary makes no mention of 
evils which are discussed at length in the earlier pages of 
the report. lie sharply takes issue with Commissioner Gar¬ 
field as to the profits of the packers. . . . Evidence tend¬ 
ing to show the advantage the Standard Oil Company has 
over independent oil refiners was developed at Topeka in con¬ 
tinuing the deposition of W. J. Ilealy, general freight audi¬ 
tor of the Santa Fe Railroad. Mr. Ilealy's testimony showed 
that all the railroads belonging to the trans-Missouri freight 
bureau have agreed to a regulation which practically pre¬ 
cludes an independent refiner from competing with the Stand¬ 
ard unless he has enormous capital. It provides that ship¬ 
ments of petroleum or its products will only be received when 
destined to consignees who have facilities for the prompt 
unloading of the tank cars. This means that while the 
railroad companies will accept demurrage charges on all 
other classes of freight they will not do so on oil shipments 
in tank cars, even when the tank cars are the property of 
the shipper and hauled by the companies on a mileage basis. 
The practical effect of the regulation is to shut the inde¬ 
pendent refiner out of using tank cars and restrict him to 
shipping in barrels with a heavy return charge on empties. 
Under these conditions it is impossible to compete with the 
Standard company. The Santa Fe, Missouri Pacific, Mis¬ 
souri, Kansas and Texas, Union Pacific and several smaller 
roads are the members of the trans-Missouri freight bureau. 
. . . Senator Clark’s Anti-Standard Oil Pipe Line bill 
was passed in the Missouri Senate March 9 without opposi¬ 
tion. The measure is a copy of that passed by the Kansas 
Legislature. It declares all pipe lines common carriers and 
fixes rates for carrying oil. About the only pipe line affect¬ 
ed is that running from the Kansas fields to a refinery near 
Kansas City. It is proposed to build an independent re¬ 
finery. . . . The Indiana Oil Men’s Association was in¬ 
corporated M'arch 9 with a membership of 400. and it is pro¬ 
posed to extend the organization to other States until it 
includes every independent oil producer in the country, thus 
enabling its members to cone with the Standard Oil Com¬ 
pany. to which most of their product goes, and with which 
they have found themselves unable to cope because of lack 
of unity. . . . Mrs. Cassie L. Chadwick was convicted 
March tl in the Federal Court of conspiring to wreck the 
Citizens’ National Bank of Oberlin, Ohio. The indictment 
against Mrs. Chadwick originally contained 16 counts. The 
judge struck out two of these counts. In his charge he 
struck out seven more, leaving only seven counts against the 
prisoner. . . . One of the severest storms ever known 
swept California and Oregon March 12-13. At Los Angeles 
the storm did great damage, prostrating telegraph and tele¬ 
phone poles. 'Phe Seventh Street bridge over the Los 
Angeles River fell March 13, carrying a dozen persons down 
with it, of whom two are reported drowned. The damage 
to the piers at Santa Monica is estimated at $200,000. . . . 
Fire in a New York East Side tenement March 14 caused the 
death of 19 persons, and injuries to 20 more. All the fire 
escapes were blocked up, and the scuttle in the roof was 
locked, making escape impossible; the casualties were due 
to flagrant violation of city ordinances. The victims were 
all poor Hebrews. 
ADMINISTRATION.—Government officials investigating 
the sale of public lands in the State of Utah have discov¬ 
ered that thousands of acres of valuable coal lands have 
been secured by methods of questionable character. In most 
cases the land has been entered as agricultural or grazing 
land and patents issued on that basis, when in fact the land 
Is wholly unsuited to agriculture or stock raising. Agricul¬ 
tural or grazing land may be purchased for $1.50 per acre, 
while $20 an acre is required for coal lands. Double filings 
have been made. More than 2.000 entries of coal lands have 
been made in the Salt Lake land office and the claims per¬ 
mitted to lapse, ’while titles to the same lands have been 
secured through filing as agricultural lands and the payment 
of the nominal price. An employee of the Utah Fuel Com¬ 
pany has acted as agent for the entrymen in 50 of these 
cases. In each case lie made affidavit that the land contains 
coal, yet no effort was made to perfect the title. The Utah 
Fuel Company is controlled by the Gould and Rockefeller 
interests, and already has a virtual monopoly of the coal 
output of the State. Most of the questionable filings were 
made during the administration as Commissioner of General 
Land Office of Binger Hermann, now under indictment, in 
connection with the Oregon land frauds. . . . The Secre¬ 
tary of the Interior awarded March 13 a contract for the 
construction in Salt River Valley, Arizona, of what will be 
one of the largest dams in the world. It will l>e built in 
accordance with the terms of the National Irrigation act and 
will cost $1,100,000. The work will be done by .1. M. 
O'Rourke & Go., of Galveston, Tex. In addition to overflow¬ 
ing about 350,000 acres of land, the dam will supply water 
power for hundreds of places throughout the Territory 
The dam, which will be known as the Roosevelt dam, will 
be 225 feet high and at its base will have a thickness of 
about 200 feet, or the length of an ordinary city block. The 
work must be completed within -two years, according to the 
terms of the contract. 
FARM AND GARDEN.—At the annual meeting of the 
board of directors of the American Yorkshire Club, held in 
St. Paul, March 8 . the following officers were elected : Pres¬ 
ident, James L. Higgins, Detroit, Mich. ; vice-president, W. 
II. Fisher, Columbus, Ohio; secretary and treasurer, Harry 
G. Krum, White Bear Lake. Minn. The board appropriated 
money to be offered in cash prizes for Yorkshire herds and 
individuals exhibited at Minnesota State Fair, the Indiana 
State Fair and the New York State Fair. 
The farmers’ institutes of Virginia have been furnished 
with a series of lectures the past Winter under the direction 
of the Virginia Department of A'-nculture. The institutes 
were addressed by Prof. Andrew M. Soule, director of the 
Experiment Station of Virginia, on the rational use of cat¬ 
tle foods, and Prof. It. J. Davidson, dean of the College of 
Science and Chemistry, on the application of commercial 
fertilizers. The attendance at these lectures has been uni¬ 
formly large. 
The National Horticultural Society of France will hold a 
grand international exposition of the products of horticul¬ 
ture and the related arts and industries May 20-28, 1905. 
All foreign horticulturists are invited to take part. The 
prospectus of the exposition, as also that of the horticul¬ 
tural congress, which will be held at the same time, will be 
sent free on application addressed to the headquarters of 
the society. No. 84, Rue de Grenelle, Paris. 
SEALED MILK CANS FOR NEW YORK. 
The city of Chicago has an ordipance requiring all cans 
of milk or cream which are brought into the city to be 
sealed with a metal seal by the shipper. The object, as we 
understand it, is to try to protect farmers and countrymen 
who ship milk against those who would adulterate and doctor 
the milk. In your opinion would such an ordinance in 
New York, properly lived up to, for shipping whole or 
skimmed milk, be an advantage to milk producers? 
I don’t see how such an ordinance can be of any material 
advantage to producers unless they were shippers. If the 
latter was the case I think it would be to their advantage. 
o. G. SAWDEY. 
I do not consider such an ordinance would be of any ad¬ 
vantage to milk producers. A large amount of the milk 
produced in this section is sold to New Y’ork dealers who 
own and operate creameries at almost every shipping sta¬ 
tion, and they have a chance to adulterate or doctor the 
milk at either end of the route if they choose. J. a. x. 
Hamden, N. Y. 
According to my observation, as a rule the farmer ships 
milk straight: if it is doctored or adulterated it is after it 
leaves the farmers' hands. The consumer ought to have 
pure and wholesome milk, and if such an ordinance would 
bring this about I believe it would be an advantage to the 
honest shipper. a. d. 
Deckerville, Pa. 
The milk which supplies the city of Chicago is shipped 
direct from the producer to the milk dealer, while the milk 
which .supplies the New York market passes through milk 
shipping stations in the country, where it is treated to the 
skimming and embalming process before it is shipped to the 
city. The dealers of New York insist upon having their 
milk handled by their own employees, and will not buy milk 
of co-operative creameries unless operated by their own 
men. It is almost impossible for the consumers of New 
Y’ork to receive pure milk under the present system of dis¬ 
tribution. As there are nearly 12,006 dealer's in Greater 
New Y’ork, it is impossible for the Board of Health to watch 
them all. ira i„ snell. 
President Five States Milk Producers. 
I can see several advantages in the requirement that all 
cans of milk and cream shall be sealed before shipment. 
If care is taken to use good seals this would prevent any 
tampering with the cans en route. I have seen a good 
many lead seals used where they could be separated or 
broken and carefully put together again without detection. 
In such cases they are almost useless. But your question is 
whether such an ordinance in New York properly lived up 
to for shipping whole or skimmed milk would be an advan¬ 
tage to milk producers. I think it would. It has the dis¬ 
advantage of a slight expense and a little extra labor, but 
when we consider the importance of the products concerned 
this should not be objected to. [prof. 1 r. a. pearsox. 
Cornell University. 
There is probably no doubt that if the cans were sealed 
and the seals unbroken until they reached the city, it would 
have tendency to stop any adulteration that would take 
place between the point of shipment and destination. A 
large portion of the milk, however, shipped to New York 
City is shipped from stations, and is handled or manipulated 
by other parties subsequent to the delivery to the farmer. 
I send you copy of Assembly bill No. 891 introduced by 
Mr. Fish, relative to milk gathering stations. There is a 
strong sentiment in favor of it on the theory that it will go 
far towards stopping meddling with milk from the time it 
leaves the farm until it goes to the consumer. 
N. Y. Commissioner of Agriculture. c. a. wietixg. 
R. N.-Y".—The essential principle of the Fish bill is that 
it will compel all persons who have charge of any milk gath¬ 
ering or receiving station where milk is handled or sold to 
take out a license. The license is to be granted by the 
Commissioner of Agriculture, and the applicant must state 
under oath that he has never adulterated milk, and that 
he will not in the future. The Commissioner is given 
powers which enable him to enforce this regulation, take 
away licenses for cause, and compel testimony relating to 
adulteration of milk. 
I cannot see how such an ordinance would be of any ad¬ 
vantage whatever, and as it would add to the expense of 
handling the milk and getting it to market, and as the mar¬ 
gin of profit to the dealer is so exceedingly small, the dealer 
would be inclined to subtract the extra expense of seals from 
the price paid the producer. If possible it mi"-ht be a slight 
disadvantage to the producer. If I were a farmer producer, 
and had a private customer for my milk in New York, I 
should either use a seal or lock my cans, because I would 
want to do everything in the best possible way, and would 
want to establish a reputation for mv milk, and hope thus 
to secure its reaching the customer just as I sent it from 
the farm. But ordinarily there Is no distinction between the 
different makes of milk that ever becomes known to the con¬ 
sumer in New York City, and I cannot see how the seals 
would help the ordinary producer whq is selling his milk 
to a dealer. l. b. halsey. 
New Y’ork. 
BUSINESS BITS. 
Ci.osi.xg up a successful season, the Elm Poultry Yards of 
Hartford, Conn., carried off honors at Boston Exhibit in 
strongest competition, winning 24 regular and 9 special 
prizes in the hottest competition, besides winning the $100 
Championship Cup for b^st White Wyandotte female, any 
age. This bird also won Ivory Soap Special for whitest 
bird in entire exhibit, any age or variety, also Spratt’s Gold 
Special for best Wyandotte, as well as their winning Dis¬ 
play Specials, etc. All this after furnishing winners for 
nearly every large exhibit of the country. 
From this time on, depending somewhat upon location, 
the farmers all over the country should be sowing grass 
seed. In some localities it will be found advantageous to 
sow grasses singly and without any shelter crop. For 
use in sowing all these grasses nothing will be found quite 
the equal of the well-known Wheelbarrow Grass Seeder, 
manufactured by O. E. Thompson & Sons, Ypsilanti. Mich. 
It is strong, simple, easy to handle, sows all kinds of seeds 
and being so close to the ground, may be used when the 
soil is right, no matter how windy the Weather. Write the 
manufacturers for their free illustrated catalogue. 
Sixteex years ago the Harvey Seed Company, of Buffalo, 
N. Y'., began handling poultry supplies. Knowing that poul- 
trymen like to buy all their supplies from one concern, thus 
saving shipping charges, the Harvey Seed Company carry 
immense stocks of poultry supplies of all sorts. They are 
prepared to fill all orders promptly, and to guarantee quality 
in every case. With their fine shipping facilities they can 
reach every part of the country and save poultrymen money 
on all their purchases. They publish a complete catalogue 
of poultry and pigeon supplies that is full of reliable sugges¬ 
tions. It will pay everyone who keeps fowls to send for a 
copy of this valuable book. Address Harvey Seed Company, 
65-69 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, N. Y r . 
For 10 years the Bond Steel Post Company, Adrian, Mich., 
have been manufacturing their steel posts, both fence posts 
and hitching posts. The sales have increaseu steadily from 
year to year. There does not seem to be any reason why 
steel posts, which are uniform in size anil shape and 
strength, and which when once placeu are good for many 
years' service, should not be the fence posts for the farmers 
to use. The hitching post combines neatness and requisite 
strength. One that will be a credit to the front door yard 
can now be had for $2. Many hardware dealers are hand¬ 
ling these Bond steel posts. Where they have no dealers 
shipments are made direct from the factory. Write straight 
to the company if there is no dealer in your town. 
The many varieties of cream separators and the great 
value claimed for each particular make is rather confusing 
to the farmer or dairyman about to purchase such an arti¬ 
cle. The claim is made by the National Dairy Machine co., 
that from the milk of four cows skimmed with the National 
Cream Separator as much cream will be realized as that 
derived from five cows’ milk skimmed with other inferior 
kinds of separators. It skims close, runs light and will 
quickly pay for itself in its savings. Y’ou can buy a National 
Cream Separator on the easy payment plan. This plan 
requires no payment until the separator has proven its 
worth. Then comes a small cash payment, and the balance 
in easy monthly installments. Intending purchasers of sepa¬ 
rators will do well to send to National Dairy Machine Co., 
Newark, N. J., for catalogue and particulars of this easy 
payment plan. 
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This is the hay press that will help 
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its scientific construction. The frame 
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no repair bills, no stopping to oil up. 
Write for new free catalog. The book is plainly written and well illustrated, ittells 
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20 CENTURY MANURE SPREADER 
ON 
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Newark Valley, N. I . Agents for New England States. 
Waterloo, Iowa. 
TILE-DRAINED LAND IS MORE PRODUCTIVE 
Acres of iw?mpy land reclaimed and made fertile. 
creases the value. .. ____ 
Jackson’s Round Drain Tile meets every requirement. We also make Sewer 
Pipe, Red and Fire Brick, Chimney Tops, Encaustic Side Walk Tile, etc. W rite 
for what you waut and prices. johm u. jACksc*. 7# Third A» e ., Aibsny, n. y. 
