1905. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
357 
PAPER POTS FOR TOMATOES. 
Two years ago 1 started growing toma¬ 
toes, and set out about 2,07 » plants. It 
was early in May und the weather turned 
cold. The men who set them out thought 
they knew so much more than 1 did, that 
the result was I had only about 200 plants 
that lived. It took three replantings to 
get the patch in shape, and last year I 
determined to have my plants in pots. 
But the cost was prohibitive, Ifo a thou¬ 
sand, and as I wanted to set out 10,000 
it amounted to $(>(), so after various visits 
to sundry stores I found a man who 
would sell me what he called tag board 
for one cent a sheet and cut it into any 
size. We figured that one sheet could 
be cut into 12 pieces, and after a little ex¬ 
periment 1 made a wooden form, merely 
a block of wood VAxV/p inch at the 
base, one-sixteenth of an inch smaller at 
the top and three inches high. The sheet 
of tag board made 12 pieces, each 4by 
11 inches. The form wag jiailed on a 
table of convenient height just at the 
edge. 1 should have said that a piece of 
metal was put on the top of the form to 
clinch the tacks, ani we were ready to go 
to work. After making 10,000 pots I 
find that the best way is to take the piece 
of tag board with the right hand and 
hold one short edge even with the right 
hand corner of the form nearest the 
operator. With the left hand draw the 
board around the form tightly until 
the finger and thumb of the right hand 
can grasp it, then finish wrapping it 
around the form with both hands grasp¬ 
ing the form; fold in the top that pro¬ 
jects above the form with both index 
fingers, drawing in the side fartjiest) 
away first, then the two sides; and lastly 
the side nearest you should be pushed 
over with the thumb and a single tack 
finishes the job. 1 have made them in 
six seconds each. The advantages of the 
paper pot over a clay pot can only be 
realized after a trial. At planting time 
simply tear off the bottom of the pot 
and plant; don’t try to save them for 
another season, as they arc pretty well 
rotted if the plant has stood any time. 
In handling there is the greatest saving 
of time, and in the greenhouse or hot¬ 
bed there is an equal saving of space, 
as the pots being square there is no 
unfilled space. They can be made any 
size, but the same proportion of length 
and width should be observed both as to 
the form and tag board. P. B„ ckosuy. 
Maryland. _ 
PRODUCTS , PRICES AND TRADE . 
Valuable Cherries. —California will soon 
be sending fair shipments of early cherries to 
the East. The lirst box of the season was 
sold in Philadelphia April 14. It contained 
10 pounds of fruit and sold for $100. 
Don't Ship to Them. —“Is the M'utual 
Commission Co., of -, reliable?” 
New York. a. tr. 
This concern Is one of the type which Is 
apparently anxious to benefit the farmers. 
Their circulars state that they have unex¬ 
ampled facilities for handling farm products, 
and that they will buy for cash at the high 
est prices, thus saving all commission. This 
"mutual" method of appealing to farm pro¬ 
duce shippers has been worked so long that 
one might expect It to be run out. Any man 
who ships stuff to these people or others like 
them Is sure to lose In the long run. They 
have no better facilities for handling goods 
than dozens of others, and certainly cannot 
get better prices on staple articles. If they 
apparently give the farmer the commission 
that others charge, they will get It away 
from him in short weights or some similar 
form of docking. There is a long string of 
such tricks, and some concerns manage to 
keep up a reputation for generous treatment 
while at the same time steadily robbing their 
patrons. The best farm produce handlers are 
working for money. The work Is hard, the 
hours long and expenses heavy. As a rule 
the commission that they charge, running 
from five to 10 per cent, according to the 
character of the stuff sold. Is reasonable, and 
It Is better to do business through them than 
through some one who Is willing to work for 
nothing and throw In numerous gratuities. 
Peafowl Eons Wanted.—“W here can I get 
a setting or two of peafowl eggs?” J. Y. 
Colorado. 
These eggs are always scarce and high. 
One of the best authorities on this subject 
that we know of Is Homer Davenport, the 
artist, proprietor of Davenport Farms, Morris 
Plains, N. J., who has probably the most ex¬ 
tensive collection of pheasants, peafowls and 
similar curious birds in this country. The 
prices for peafowl eggs run from $J to $10 
each, the latter for those of the very beau¬ 
tiful flreen Java peafowl. At this farm there 
are 38 species of the pheasant family, many 
of them as hardy and easily cared for as our 
common domestic fowls. The variety of 
plumage In form and color Is astonishing. 
Some of these birds are not suitable to keep 
in an ordinary poultry yard, as they have a 
gamey disposition which Induces them to 
tight all other fowls. One variety is so pug 
nacious lie is not satisfied until he clears out 
the whole poultry yard, and In captivity is 
sometimes ungallant enough to kill bis own 
mate unless his wing is clipped so that the 
female can reach a higher perch. 
What is a Fowl?— “For some time as I 
have read the market quotations in The R. 
N.-Y. my perceptions have been blurred when 
I reached the poultry department. I was al¬ 
ways under the impression that a fowl was 
a chicken (though It might also mean a duck 
or goose) and a chicken was a fowl, yet I 
find you specify each and give to one a great¬ 
er quotation than the other, so I would like 
you to define both chickens and fowls from a 
market point of view.” f. w. 
New Jersey. 
According to the dictionary and common 
sense, all domesticated birds are fowls, und 
even the wild birds are the “fowls of the 
air." The distinction referred to in market 
quotations is merely one made for conven¬ 
ience in classifying poultry, and has become 
a fixture in market language, in which a fowl 
is a chicken that is no longer young. Just 
where the dividing Hue comes it is hard to 
toll, but In a general way a yearling or more 
is a fowl rather than a chicken, though 
boarding house keepers sometimes extend 
the age limit of ehickendom. It will be noted 
that fowls are sometimes quoted higher than 
chickens, particularly in live poultry figures. 
Most of the live poultry is sold to the Jewish 
trade, and this lias a preference for fat hens 
and geese. As their religion forbids the use 
of lard or other pork products, poultry fat 
takes the place of these things to some ex¬ 
tent, and chickens do not give much fat. In 
dressed poultry there is quite a wide range 
in value of chickens. The best chickens are 
always high, but fowls often sell above lower 
grades, and, in fact, anyone fond of poultry 
would prefer a nice yearling or even two- 
year-old hen to an inferior chicken. 
Financial Matters. —The Wall Street, 
wheel of fortune has made some erratic and 
startling moves lately. Copper, Steel I’re- 
ferred and Steel Common have sold, respec¬ 
tively, at two, three and four times prices 
only a few months ago. The business in these 
metals Is good at present, yet no one will 
claim that the copper and steel Industries 
are in an Improved condition proportionate 
to the increased prices of their stocks. 'Hie 
price of many speculative stocks depends 
more upon the confidence and credulity of the 
public than upon the earning capacity of the 
business represented. Hundreds of people 
with a little copper and steel stock sold with 
a rush when low tide mark was reached, and 
now feel injured because they did not hold 
on. Others were determined not to be fright¬ 
ened, and are now holding at a price in ex¬ 
cess of what they paid. One of these re¬ 
cently told me that he was going to sell very 
soon and Invest in something that seemed a 
little less like gambling. The stocks referred 
to are typical of many others, but are men¬ 
tioned here because people are better ac¬ 
quainted with them on account of newspaper 
publicity and frantic magazine articles. 
Though there may be no more highway roh- 
bery In stock speculation than in many other 
lines of business in which big operators are 
constantly trying to devour each other, the 
best thing for the man with a small sum to 
invest is to keep away from the rumpus and 
let the cannibals tight It out. n. 
THE 
Whirlwind Duster 
Wo are the only manufacturers of Dust Spray 
Machines who have for several years used the 
Dust Spray exclusively. Therefore the infor¬ 
mation we can give on the subject of Dust 
Spraying is from our actual experience as Fruit 
Growers. We have what the pooplo want in a 
Dust Spray Machine. 
The Only Up-to-date 
Latest improved 
Strong and simple of construction and oasy to 
operate. No other firm can give you the infor¬ 
mation you want on this subject. Our System 
is the only practical System. Write us for cata¬ 
logue and prices. 
The Kiser Whirlwind Duster Mfg. Co., 
Stnnberry, Missouri 
DEFENDER 
SPRAYER 
Powerful, all brass, 
easy to use. Quick 
sellers. Treatise on 
Spraying & Catalog 
of Spray Pumps free. 
Write to-day. Agents 
wanted. 
J. F. GAYLORD, 
Box 78, CatakilL, N. V. 
ALUMINUM SPRAY NOZZLES 
with hard bronze caps. Half tho weight of brass; su¬ 
perior in everyway. Price, 1 point, 90c; 2point,$l JS0; 
It point, $2.30; 4 point, $3.00. Address, Wallace Ma¬ 
chinery Company, Booklet 7,Champaign, Ill. 
SCALES 
BUST LESS COST TAN ANY OTHER. 
CATALOGUE FREE. 
JOSTKS “He Pays tho Freight.” 
Box ;t07 Binghamton, N. Y. 
WARRINER’S 
HOLDS THE 
ANIMALS AS 
FIRMLY 
AS RIGID 
STANCHIONS. 
CHAIN 
HANGING 
STANCHION 
YV. B. CRUMB, 73 Main St., Foreatvillc, Conn 
CHAIN-HANGING 
CATTLE STANCHION 
The Most Practical 
CATTLE FASTENER 
ever Invented. 
Manufactured and for 
sale by 
O. H. ROBERTSON, 
* 20tn Century Wagon Box 
you expect. Thoroughly h'> 1 ♦<* 
elMfg. Co., Box 219 
fodel 
Stock Rack and I 
Ladders. Made Better t 
'> u ed, not nailed. Wri 
an 
rite 
Mancie, Indiana. 
I Fertility I 
Germs I 
"■ Sorao soil raisos bettor crops than others I 
because it contains more nitrogen. 
Fertility germs draw nitrogen from the air— | 
deposit it m the soil—make (the land rich— I 
insure immense crops. 
^ NITRO-CULTURE 
I Contains these germs. Sprinkle on seeds be- I 
fore planting. Germs increase — enrich the I 
soil, make nitrogenous fertilizers unnecessary. I 
$2.00 worth increases yield per acre euor- B 
uiously. Write for Catalogue S 2 . 
NATIONAL NITRO-CULTURE CO. 
West Chester, Pa. 
Fearless Horse Powers 
Two horse size guaranteed to produce 3 
to 4 actual horse power. Other sizes in 
proportion. Never injures a horse. Al¬ 
ways under oontrol. Strong, aafe, oany for 
hones. Always ready. Two horse alio 1 100 . 
for catalogue. 
Mfg.Co. Box 11, Coblesklll, N.Y. 
A LEAKY TANK 
is an abomination. 
CALDWELL 
Tnnkti don't leak. They 
are made right. We build 
tanka of Kverlaiitlng Cy¬ 
press ; also White Fine. 
We have huuilredH we 
can refer to in your 
vicinity. Semi for Illus¬ 
trated catalogue and 
price Hat. 
W. K. CALDWELL CO. 
Louisville, Ky 
BUY DIRECT FROM FACTORY. 
And Suva tho Middlomnw'x Enormous Profits. 
Our Milk Cans embody all best improvements; are 
made of annealed steel; all parts double tinned. In¬ 
sides flush and smooth us gluss; no places for milk to 
collect and sour ; very easy to clean—a most Import¬ 
ant feature. tiu.r.nl.ed n« rrprr- 
nrnt.d or rsn. msy bo returned st 
our oxprnso both nsy«. Four .Lyle, t 
Wisconsin, 8 gal, 15 lbs, $1 85 
“ 10 gal, It! lbs, 1 40 
Iowa, 5 gal, 12 lbs, 1 40 
“ 8 gal, 17^ lbs, 166 
“ 10 gal, 18k lbs, 1 tSO 
New York, 6 gal, 15 lbB, 1 05 
“ 8 gal, 21 lbs, 1 75 
“ 10 gal, 22 lbs, 1 00 
Cleveland, 8 gal, 21 lbs, 1 75 
“ * 10 gal, 22 lbs, 1 80 
TermB, cash with order, or 
0. O. 1). subject to examination. 
The Seestedt Bros. Mfg Co. 
ROMULUS, MICH. 
SILOS 
Buy your Silo material from T. K. 
CROSS, Poughkeepsie, Now York, 
and save agent's profits. 
COLUMBIA BWR 
New Buys 
KJ our Great 
Guaranteed COLUMBIA SPECIAL 
Two Years Top Buggy on 
30 0AYS’ 
FREE 
TRIAL. 
Its equal else¬ 
where would 
cost no less 
than 850.00. 
fully describes it and 250 
other styles of pleasure 
and business vehicles and harness, at lowest factory 
prices. There is a* much difference between "Columbia" and 
other makee of buggies at betweenmuehroomt and toad-stoolt. 
l!uy the tried, proven and endorsed kind; they cost 
no morethun tho unknown.Write for catalog today. 
Columbia M’fg & Supply Co."g2££ J,"- 
OUR FREE CATAL06 
If You 
Want a 
FENCE 
That is Horse High, Hull Strong, 
Pig and Chicken tight 
That Is made from the best High 
Carbon Steel Wire 
That is heavily Galvanized to pre¬ 
vent rust or corrosion 
That is Coiled to provide for con¬ 
traction and expansion 
That you- can buy direct from us 
at Wholesale Prices with 
FreigHt Prepaid 
To Your Station 
That you can examine and order 
returned if displeased 
That you can erect and use for 30 
days and return at our freight 
expense if unsatisfactory and 
get your money, write forour 
New Catalogue telling how Wire 
is made, how it is Galvanized 
and why some Wire is good 
and some is bad. It is FREE. 
Write for it to-day. Address, 
KITSELMAN BROTHERS, 
Box 230 MUNCIE. INDIANA. 
THE TOWNSEND 
WIRE STRETCHER 
is tho most easily attached or do 
tached of any implement made. 
Stretches to tho last post as well as 
to any. Steel grips that never slip. 
Can be got at any Hardware store. 
Write tor circulars. Satisfaction 
guaranteed. 
E. G. TOWNSEND, 
Painted Post, New York. 
Great $1 Offer 
. 932 ™ 
\ This Model ”B” 
Top Buggy, price' 
sent on inspection for 81 Good 
Faith Deposit. Money 
refunded if not satis¬ 
factory. Same offer 
on our entire line. Cat- 
’ alogue free on request. 
Write for it today. 
THE MODEL CARRIAGE AND IIAUNK88 CO. 
171 W. Sixth MU. Cincinnati, O. 
7,000 VEHICLES AT FACTORY GOST 
ANTICIPATING AN EXCEPTIONAL TRADE IN VEHICLES THIS YEAR IN 
THE SOUTH ON ACCOUNT0FTHE VERY LARGE CROPS ANDTHE HIGH 
PRICE OF COTTON, WE HAVE CONTRACTED FOR AN ENORMOUS 
STOCK OF MATERIALS. THE SLUMP IN THE PRICE OF COTTON HAS 
CURTAILED TRADE IN THE SOUTH TO SUCH AN EXTENT THAT WE 
MUST MAKE ARRANGEMENTS TO DISPOSE OF THIS STOCK, AND 
WE ARE OFFERING NEARLY 7,000 VEHICLES OF THE 
VERY LATEST DESIGNS, direct to the CONSUMER 
AT A SAYING OF NEARLY 40% 
US TO-DAY IF YOU ARE NEEDING AiVEHICLE 
OF ANY DESCRIPTION. 
l2,PioneerCarriage & Harness Go.,Cln%0. 
Concord Wagon No. K 
Iluekboard No. 4« K Spring Wagon No. 441 K Kunabout No. 64 K 
Good Vehicles at Factory Cost 
Canopy Top Surrey No. A 17 K 
Those roodors of this paper who have bought bug¬ 
gies from us know wo sell high-grade vehicles at 
prices ranging from to G>0 per cent less than 
prices asked elsewhere. If you do not know this, 
it will cost you nothing to investigate. 
We are situated in tho vehicle center of tho 
world! Kalamazoo, Mich, manufactures more und 
better buggies than any other city. Haro, too, are 
great factories making part* for all kinds of vehicles. 
Wo select all parts and assemble vehicles carefully, 
knowing every detail of their Construction—and then 
we sell them, direct from factory to you, at exact man¬ 
ufacturing cost plus one small profit. Under our 
ayatcni, you don't pay any traveling men* sex ponses, 
dealer's profits, cost of storage or handling. You simply 
pay for the buggy. And remember, we sell every¬ 
thing on one plan — an absolute guurautcc of 
uatlafactlon. 
Write today for our new Spring Vehicle and Har¬ 
ness Catalogue. Wo can show you what you want, at 
tho prico you want. Nearly 200 styles and kinds. 
IHARNESS 
Wo don't sell cheap harners, hut wo sell No. 1 Har¬ 
ness, made right hero in our Kalamazoo factory, at 
the price others ask for cheap harnoos 
Our big general catalogue, No. C*H6, will give you best information and lowest piicoaon 
everything fortlie home und the farm. Askforit. It’sfrue. 
CASH SUPPLY .I: MFG. CO., 4B1 Lawrence H<|, KALAMAZOO, MICH. 
